Strawberry is popular with people for its sweet and sour taste and rich nutrition. In recent years, strawberry production has developed rapidly and the cultivation area has expanded rapidly. It has become the fastest growing emerging industry in the fruit tree industry in China. Strengthening the management of strawberries in the spring will make strawberries grow well, produce early results and have excellent quality, which is the key to winning high yields. Strawberry spring management technology mainly has the following aspects:
Unmasking
As the temperature rises, the winter-worn cover must be gradually removed. When the average temperature on the day stabilizes around 10°C, it is removed. Before removing the cover, it is necessary to do a good job of refining the seedlings so that they can gradually adapt to the external environment, so as to avoid sudden changes in the ambient temperature, the temperature difference is too large and affect the normal growth and development of strawberries.
Rilled soil
After cultivating, timely cultivating loose soil and weeding shall be carried out to promote the growth of the strawberry and eliminate the weed. The cultivator should be shallow and shallow so as not to injure the root system and prevent the soil blocks from sinking. At the same time, the cultivator should be combined with the Qinggu River to prevent waterlogging and reduce soil moisture, ensuring the normal growth of strawberries.
Cut off old leaves
After the strawberry begins to grow, it is necessary to remove the dry old leaves and diseased leaves in time to improve the ventilation and light transmission between the plants and reduce the humidity in the field. Cut off the residual leaves to bring out of the field and concentrate on stacking and fattening, in order to reduce the source of the disease and prevent the incidence of infection.
Timely fertilizer
After a winter dormant period, the strawberry begins to accelerate its growth as the temperature rises in the spring. To increase the effective flower number and increase the fruit setting rate, it is necessary to timely reap the development of the tree-fertilizer and the pre-flowering fertilizer. Due to the shallow root system of strawberry, it is sensitive to the response of fertilizers. It is not suitable to use fertilizers such as ammonium bicarbonate and ammonium sulfate. Urea and compound fertilizer should be the mainstay. Fat tree fertilizer with urea 10-15 kilograms per mu or compound fertilizer 20-30 kilograms is appropriate; flower before the flowering in mid-April before the topdressing, compound fertilizer per acre 10 kilograms. In addition, 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution was sprayed on the leaves for 2-3 times during the flowering period, which increased the yield.
Reasonable irrigation
Strawberry is very demanding for moisture, and in humid areas, short-term drought will also result in reduced production. Therefore, it is necessary to combine irrigation with drought while applying fertilizer. Generally, it is poured once before budding, and the fruits are enlarged and matured. Moisture should be supplied in time according to field conditions. Every time the amount of water should be appropriate, must not flood irrigation. When there is too much soil moisture, poor ventilation will directly affect the growth and development of the roots, and the surface humidity is too large, it is also easy to breed diseases, especially when the irrigation period is too large or the rainy season is stained, it will reduce the fruit sugar content and it is easy to cause rot. . Therefore, it is necessary to drain water in a timely manner during the flood season and the rainy season to prevent waterlogging.
Sparse Flowers
The flower that blooms first on the inflorescence of strawberry has a good result, and the fruit is large and mature; late flowers often cannot form fruit and become invalid flowers, and even if some can form fruit, it is too small and has no effect. Therefore, after budding, the buds need to be thinned out to reduce the consumption of nutrients, so that the nutrients can be supplied to the buds that are first opened, and the fruits can be large, orderly, mature, and of good quality. When the flower buds are generally separated from one another and are easily removed, 20%-25% of the late weak buds are removed.
Pest control
As the strawberry plants grow on the ground, and the flowering results are long, the fruits are easy to contact with the ground. When the humidity in the field is high, the plants are most susceptible to diseases. Therefore, during the rainy season, it is necessary to do a good job of draining the trenches and spraying pesticides in time. For fungal diseases such as gray mold, leaf spot, bud blight, and powdery mildew, Bordeaux's solution, zeslenium zinc, thiophanate-methyl, carbendazim and other agents can be sprayed and used, especially after onset of disease. The drug controls the disease at the initial stage. Viral disease is mainly transmitted by aphids and it is important to prevent and control aphids. In addition, ground tigers, earthworms and other underground pests can be poisoned by 1000-1500 times phoxim liquid, and can be sprayed and killed by red spider spiders. Note that the use of chemical pesticides is prohibited during fruit ripening to ensure food safety.
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