Mushrooms should create suitable environmental conditions for the growth of edible fungi, requiring good ventilation and ventilation, good insulation, moisturizing properties, cool in winter and cool in summer, and the wind can't reach the bed of bacteria. The specific requirements for the new mushroom house and the treatment measures for the old mushroom house are described below:
A new mushroom house
1. The proportion of space. The space ratio refers to the ratio of the air space in the mushroom room to the area of ​​the mushroom bed. The ideal edible mushroom growth and development space ratio should be 5:1, the space ratio is too small, can not timely discharge the carbon dioxide and other waste gas produced when the mushroom grows, can easily cause the death of mushroom or form abnormal mushrooms; space ratio is too large, mushroom The room is not easy to keep warm and moisturize.
2. Roof slope. If the slope of the roof of the mushroom is not enough, the condensation of the roof on the roof will cause the upper mushroom bed to become too wet, affecting the mushroom and causing the yield to decline. The suitable roof should be a tripod. The ratio of the height to the width of the mushroom house is 1:4.73.
3. Single room area. The cultivation methods of edible fungi are mostly cultivated one year under natural conditions. The cultivation area of ​​single mushroom house should take into account local climatic conditions, simple and convenient operation, and beneficial factors for picking fresh mushrooms. According to the current actual situation, the cultivation area of ​​single mushroom house is suitable for 200-250 square meters.
4. Insulation. On the one hand, mushroom houses should be protected from the outflow of hot gases. On the other hand, hot and cold air must not be allowed to invade outside. Therefore, good insulation is required.
5. Containment. Mushroom house windows and doors designed to open and close, shut off. Opening and releasing can ensure that the exhaust gas and excess heat in the mushroom house can be discharged in time, and the close can keep the mushroom house warm, moisturize and prevent the invasion of pests.
6. Ventilation. It is necessary to allow the exhaust of the mushroom house to be discharged in a timely manner, and the fresh air from the outside can be quickly entered into the mushroom house. Therefore, the mushroom house requires the opening of the footwell window and the roof louver.
7. Security. Mushrooms are in a humid environment for a long time, and they also have to bear the weight of 70-80 kilograms of culture materials and covering soil per square meter, so the mushroom house and bedstead should be built firmly. Mushroom house ground level, it is best to lay cement. The column stand must be absolutely flat to avoid building on soft sand. Mature bamboo or hard wood must be used as the material of the mushroom frame.
Second, the old mushroom room treatment
Continuous cultivation of edible fungi indoors or in tunnels often causes serious damage to pests and germs, resulting in failure of planting, resulting in high yields for the first cultivation, serious and second- or third-time contamination, and even unacceptable conditions. The reason is: Because each time after cultivation is not sterilized, the harmful metabolites produced during the growth process accumulate on the bed frames and wall. Mycelium senescence, indoor darkness, humidity, poor ventilation, etc., caused the breeding of bacteria, pests rampant.
Prevention measures: Pay attention to environmental sanitation, mushroom house walls are washed with 5%-6% alkaline water, brushed, and the ground is sprinkled with lime to eliminate bacteria. In addition, insecticides are sprayed to eliminate pests.
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