Anxi is a county located near Xiamen in the southeastern part of Fujian Province, renowned for being the primary production area of Longyan Oolong Tea. With a long history of tea cultivation dating back to the Tang Dynasty, Anxi has developed a rich tradition of tea-making. The region boasts a humid climate, abundant rainfall, and lush mountainous landscapes covered with dense forests, creating an ideal environment for tea trees to thrive. Over centuries, local tea farmers have cultivated and refined numerous high-quality tea varieties, including Tieguanyin, Huang Dan, Benshan, Hairy Crab, Large Leaf Oolong, and Meizhan. These teas are highly regarded across China, earning Anxi the nickname "the treasure house of tea trees." Among all these varieties, Tieguanyin stands out as the most famous and highest quality.
Tieguanyin originates from Xiping Township in Anxi County, with a history spanning over 200 years. There are two popular legends about its origin. One tells of a farmer named Weiyin who had a dream in which the Bodhisattva Guanyin gave him a tea plant to cultivate. Another legend says that a man named Wang Shirang from Fuyang presented a tea leaf to the emperor, who then named it "Tie Guan Yin" in honor of his devotion. The production process of Tieguanyin is unique: instead of picking tender buds, workers harvest 2-3 mature leaves, known as "open-face mining." This method ensures the leaves are fully unfurled when picked. After careful selection and cooling, the leaves undergo a series of steps—withering, shaking, and oxidation—to release their natural floral aroma. Once the fragrance becomes rich, the leaves are pan-fired, rolled, and wrapped in cloth to shape the tea. Finally, they are curled into tight pellets, dried, and sorted before being packaged for sale.
Tieguanyin is considered one of the finest oolong teas, known for its distinct appearance: tightly curled, round-shaped leaves with a sand-green color, resembling crispy buns. When brewed, the tea produces a golden, amber-colored infusion with a delicate orchid-like fragrance. Its flavor is smooth, fresh, and lingering, often described as having a "long aftertaste." It is commonly said that Tieguanyin can be brewed seven times or more without losing its flavor.
To fully appreciate Tieguanyin, it is best served in small, elegant teaware. A small teapot and cups are used, with tea leaves steeped in boiling water for about five minutes. Afterward, the tea is poured into small cups and enjoyed in multiple infusions. Each cup reveals a new layer of aroma and taste, making every sip memorable. Though the amount consumed each time may be small, the experience is deeply satisfying and leaves a lasting impression.
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