The main direction of pre-winter management is on the basis of Miaoquan and Miao uniform, promote root growth, promote weak control, raise strong seedlings, and keep seedlings safe for winter. Pre-winter management focuses on the following aspects:
Fill irrigation with water to promote seedlings and feet. The suitable soil moisture for wheat emergence is 70%~80% of field water capacity. For those wheat fields that have not been watered or irrigated before seeding, and the surface moisture is poor, it is difficult to guarantee the emergence of wheat fields as soon as possible to pour in the head water, in order to promote seed germination and seedling growth, to ensure the basic seedling volume. When wheat fields are rained or covered with headwaters after sowing, they should be promptly hatched in order to remove the compaction. The lyrical wheat field should avoid pouring water.
Seedlings replant seedlings to promote seedlings. During the emergence of wheat, check the seedlings in a timely manner. When the seedlings are cut off and ridged, use the seed of the same variety for seed reseeding immediately after seeding, or in the period of 3 to 4 leaves of wheat, transfer and thinning. When transplanting, the depth of soil cover must be controlled so that “there is no pressure and no whitenessâ€. After filling the seedlings, watering is done practically, and appropriate fertilizers are provided to promote the early delivery and ensure the seedlings are fully prepared.
The cultivator suppressed and promoted the seedlings. Every time after rainfall or watering, it is necessary to protect crops timely, remove compaction, improve soil ventilation conditions, and promote root development. If the group is too large or too busy, it can be severely cut off or repressed, and the control can be prosperous. For wheat fields with extensive farming practices and high levels of litter, ground repression before freezing and crushed slag to make up for cracks can play a role in keeping warm. Pressure wheat should be carried out after noon in order to avoid frost cracking in the morning. Saline land should not be suppressed.
Winter irrigation in time, keep seedlings wintering. For the wheat fields with straw returning, rotary tilling, soil vacancy and lack of crops, winter irrigation must be carried out to stabilize the soil, promote the development of wheat packing and bark, and keep the seedlings safe for winter. Winter irrigation time is generally carried out when the average daily temperature is around 3°C. It is completed before freezing, and the average amount of water per acre is 40 square meters. It is forbidden to flood irrigation, and the soil is ploughed in time after pouring.
Disease prevention and pest control, timely weeding. For the land where the pests are severely damaged, choose the right medicine to make the poisonous soil. Open up the shallow ditch next to the root and throw it in the soil. Then cover the soil, or combine it with the soil. Can also be used for medicine, water, Shun ridge irrigation, prevention of earthworms, wireworms and other underground pests. In the 3 to 4 leaf stage of wheat, when the average daily temperature is above 10°C, the weeds in wheat fields are promptly controlled. For the extent of broadleaf, dicotyledonous, monocotyledonous weeds and grass weeds in different plots, herbicides should be reasonably selected, and herbicides should be strictly arranged to prevent heavy spray or missed spray.
According to local conditions, classified management. Before the planting, the pods or locusts are suitable, the quality of sowing is good, and the wheat fields with normal seedlings normally do not need field management within one month after sowing, and they must go through the winter wheat tillering period and then the temperature within one month after sowing. Changes, precipitation, soil fertility, lyricism, population size, and growth of seedlings, etc., take targeted winter pre-management measures. Poor soil fertility, inadequate base fertilizer application, and wheat fields with deficiency symptoms should seize the favorable opportunity to apply fertilizer and water before winter, and timely cultivating loose soil to promote root growth. For the winter wheat field with sufficient base fertilizer, normal growth, and suitable soil moisture and soil moisture, it is generally no longer top-dressing and watering. Prosperous wheat fields with good soil moisture are not topped with fertilizers before winter. For late seeding weak seedlings, in the case of sufficient bottom, should not be poured winter water, so as not to reduce the temperature, affecting the emergence of seedlings, shallow soil loosening, warming and protecting the roots, and promote root growth.
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