Farmers aiming to store high-quality seeds and maintain their vigor and germination rate should pay attention to eight key points.
First, avoid using plastic bags for storage. Plastic is airtight, which can lead to anaerobic conditions. Under such conditions, seeds undergo anaerobic respiration, producing harmful substances that may kill the embryo. Additionally, the moisture and heat generated by seed respiration cannot escape, increasing the risk of mold and reducing germination potential.
Second, keep seeds off the ground. The floor is typically damp, and direct contact with the ground can cause moisture absorption, lowering the germination rate. Whether using sacks or containers, it's best to elevate them at least 50 cm off the ground using bricks or wooden blocks to improve air circulation and reduce humidity.
Third, avoid exposure to smoke. Smoke contains carbon dioxide and other toxic substances that can damage seed viability. Long-term exposure can result in weak seedlings that are more prone to diseases.
Fourth, guard against pests. During storage, seeds can be attacked by various insects. To prevent this, ensure the seeds are thoroughly dried, making the environment less favorable for pests. A simple method is to expose the seeds to sunlight during midday to naturally eliminate any existing pests.
Fifth, don't overfill containers. If storing large quantities for an extended period, leave some space in the containers. This allows for better air circulation and prevents moisture buildup. It’s also advisable to dry the seeds periodically during storage to maintain their quality.
Sixth, label seeds properly. After harvest, clearly mark each batch with the species and date of collection. Mixing different types of seeds can lead to confusion and loss of quality.
Seventh, avoid storing seeds near pesticides or fertilizers. These substances often emit volatile and corrosive compounds that can contaminate the seeds, significantly reducing their germination rate.
Lastly, regularly inspect stored seeds. Improper storage can lead to mold due to excess moisture or damage from pests and rodents. Regular checks allow for timely intervention and help maintain seed quality.
By following these eight guidelines, farmers can significantly improve the longevity and effectiveness of their stored seeds.
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