1. Shallow water layer management is essential during autumn. As the water temperature decreases, it typically does not exceed 30°C anymore. However, earthworms remain active and are in a favorable growth phase. At this time, it's recommended to move them to the shallow surface to take advantage of the milder conditions and promote better development.
2. Water quality control is crucial. Regular fertilization and water changes help maintain a healthy environment, ensuring the water remains clear, rich in nutrients, and cool. Keep the transparency around 30 cm, with a pH level between 7 and 8, and dissolved oxygen levels between 3 and 5 mg/l. These conditions support optimal health and productivity of the organisms.
3. Proper fattening is important as the water temperature continues to drop. The amount of plankton in the water decreases, and oysters have used up a lot of energy during the warmer months. It's necessary to replenish their fat reserves so they can survive the winter. If water quality is poor or fertilization is improper, it can weaken their health and even lead to death. Therefore, autumn management should be strict and attentive. In the early stages, chemical fertilizers can be used more frequently, while later on, organic fertilizers should take precedence. This helps the organisms gain weight and prevents potential losses in the following spring due to nutritional deficiencies. Chicken, duck, and bird manure are ideal organic fertilizers. They should be mixed with 1% quicklime and fully fermented before use. A common fertilizer combination includes urea and superphosphate at a ratio of 1:2 or 1:3. Typically, about 1 kg of urea and 3 kg of superphosphate are applied per unit area.
4. Disease prevention and disinfection are vital during the bacterial enteritis season, which usually occurs from April to October. To keep the pond clean, 1 gram per cubic meter of bleach or 15 kilograms per acre of quicklime can be used for full pool disinfection. For sick individuals, adding 1-2 ppm of tetracycline hydrochloride is effective. A mixture of 2 ml of chlortetracycline and calcium gluconate can also be injected. Additionally, soaking the affected parts in 3% saline for 5 minutes helps disinfect them. Culture racks should also be cleaned with salt water to prevent contamination.
5. Removing attached organisms is an important part of maintenance. After being raised for some time, pearl larvae often accumulate a lot of mud and other organisms such as algae, freshwater sponges, and polychaetes on the hanging nets, bags, and structures. This can hinder their growth and development. It's important to clean these regularly, ideally every other month from April to October, to ensure a clean and healthy environment for the larvae.
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