First, adjust the ration composition.
Feed high-quality dairy cows with premium forage and increase energy levels by adding more concentrates or high-fat ingredients. Including sources like soybeans or animal fats can be beneficial, with a supplement of 1% to 1.5% being ideal. Raising the protein content of the total mixed ration to around 18% is recommended. However, the crude fiber content should not be too high, especially when using silage. Experience has shown that dairy cows producing over 32 kg of milk per day should have their silage intake limited to between 17 and 22 kg daily in the fall to maintain optimal digestion and health.
Second, improve feed palatability.
Encourage full consumption by offering highly palatable feeds that stimulate appetite. One effective method is to prepare a gruel by boiling 140 kg of feed in 600 kg of water, then adding 9 kg of brown sugar. This mixture should be fed three times a day, ensuring that all leftovers are consumed. This practice helps keep the cows well-fed and prevents waste.
Third, focus on disease prevention.
Maintaining clean and hygienic conditions in the barns and regularly disinfecting the area can significantly reduce the risk of illness in dairy cows. For cows that have recently calved or experienced abortions, it's important to provide them with a warm brown sugar and wheat bran soup to help expel the placenta more quickly. Avoid milking during the hottest part of the day. Before milking, gently wash the udder with warm water, and after milking, rinse it with a 0.1% potassium permanganate solution to lower the chance of mastitis. These small but crucial steps contribute greatly to the long-term health and productivity of the herd.
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