In summer, fish ponds often reach their saturation point. At this stage, many adult fish have reached marketable size and should be harvested promptly. This not only helps the remaining fish grow better and produce larger, higher-quality species, but also reduces the overall fish density in the pond. To ensure successful summer fishing, it's important to follow several key techniques.
First, the best time for fishing is during cool, clear weather—preferably early in the morning before the fish start floating or when water temperatures are low. The exact timing depends on the distance to the market and sales schedule. Fishing during these conditions minimizes stress on the fish and allows fresh catches to reach the market quickly. However, avoid fishing during hazy or hot days, as fish may show signs of distress like floating heads or disease. Netting under such conditions can lead to high mortality. Similarly, avoid fishing in the evening, as this can increase water convection, deplete dissolved oxygen, and cause fish to float.
Second, the day before fishing, especially in the afternoon, feed should be reduced or stopped entirely. Overfeeding increases oxygen consumption and causes fish to become agitated, making them more likely to jump or escape during netting. This can result in injuries or even deaths, which outweigh the benefits. Also, remove any leftover bait and floating debris from the pond a day or two before fishing to keep the water clean and reduce stress on the fish.
Third, use thinning nets (such as screen nets or four- or five-finger nets) during the process. These nets should make up about one-fifth of the total net length, with mesh sizes large enough to allow smaller, non-marketable fish to pass through. When fishing, position the net in shallow areas first, then gradually move to deeper, downwind zones to prevent fish from suffocating due to poor water circulation.
Fourth, perform the fishing operation carefully, skillfully, and gently. High water temperatures increase fish activity and oxygen demand, so prolonged exposure in the net can cause injury or death due to oxygen deprivation. Once the fish are caught, avoid rushing them to the market. Instead, release small fish first and selectively pick the market-ready ones. Avoid indiscriminately removing all fish from the net, as this can cause compression or suffocation. Be patient and handle the fish with care.
Finally, after fishing, immediately add fresh water or use aerators to replenish oxygen levels. Fish activity increases, leading to higher oxygen consumption. Additionally, the disturbance caused by netting stirs up sediment and organic matter, accelerating decomposition and further reducing dissolved oxygen. This can lead to oxygen deficiency and floating head issues. Fish may also secrete excess mucus, which needs to be flushed out with fresh water or aeration. For example, during the day, run the aerator for about two hours after fishing. If fishing occurs at night, continue aeration until sunrise or until the fish stop floating.
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