In the summer of this year, our province has experienced more frequent and intense hot and rainy weather. This has led to poor vegetable growth and increased vulnerability to pests and diseases. The high temperature and humidity create an ideal environment for plant stress, such as root rot, leggy growth, and other undesirable conditions. These factors not only hinder plant development but also increase the risk of disease outbreaks, which can lead to significant crop losses.
High humidity has a major impact on vegetable crops. When plants are exposed to prolonged high humidity, they tend to become waterlogged, leading to weak and elongated stems—especially in eggplants and cucurbits. Over time, the cell walls of the plants weaken, reducing their structural integrity. This makes them more susceptible to heat damage, causing sunburn and tissue necrosis. Such damage negatively affects both plant health and yield. Additionally, when soil remains saturated for long periods, the roots suffer from oxygen deprivation, making them more prone to root rot and soil-borne diseases, often resulting in "dead plants" in the field.
High temperatures also pose serious challenges, especially for autumn vegetable seedlings. Prolonged heat combined with heavy rains can severely affect seedling development, leading to wilting, stunted growth, and delayed maturation. High temperatures can interfere with flower bud differentiation, increasing the likelihood of early flowering, fruit drop, and misshapen fruits. As a result, the economic benefits of the growing season are significantly reduced.
To manage these issues, several effective pest control measures can be applied:
1. **Cucumber beetles**: Apply 0.6% Excise solution diluted at 1250–1500 times.
2. **Aphids**: Use 90% Trichlorfon crystal diluted at 800 times. For prevention, apply 2–3 times. In severe cases, combine with root irrigation.
3. **Diamondback moth**: Spray 5% Ruijin Special at 1000–1500 times or 5% Suppository EC at 2000 times.
4. **Cutworms**: Mix 20% Cypermethrin at 3000 times with 1% Insect Light at 3000 times for effective control.
These practices help reduce the damage caused by environmental stress and pests, ensuring better crop performance and higher yields.
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