First, the selection and construction of the sheep shed. Since the northern region experiences cold winters with large temperature differences between day and night, the sheep shed should be located in a sheltered, sunny, high, and dry area. This ensures that the shed remains warm in winter and cool in summer, which is ideal for raising small-tailed sheep. If possible, greenhouse-style or semi-open sheds can be constructed to improve insulation and ventilation. For open-air heat prevention, the size of the shed should be determined based on the number of sheep. Small-tailed sheep are tall, so the height of the shed should be between 2.5 to 3 meters. The shed should have appropriately sized doors and windows to ensure good air circulation, which helps in drying, warming, preventing heatstroke, providing daylight, and removing harmful gases. The floor should be made of sandy loam and slightly sloped outward to facilitate drainage.
Second, the selection of breeds.
1. Purchase from formal channels and choose sheep that meet the characteristics of the small-tailed Han breed.
2. Understand the physical features of the small-tailed Han sheep to avoid being deceived. The appearance includes tall stature, long limbs, well-developed front and rear bodies, balanced development, strong build, upright posture, a square-shaped body when viewed from the side, an elevated nasal bridge, drooping ears, and a short tail with an upward tip. Rams have large, thick heads with spiral horns, a straight back, a broad chest, long hair, while ewes have a small, elongated neck. The hindquarters are well-developed, and the temperament is calm with small or no horns.
3. It's best to introduce small-tailed Han sheep from their native areas such as Liangshan, Jiaxiang, or Taiqian in Henan, or from established breeding farms.
Third, feeding and management.
1. To raise small-tailed Han sheep, it's essential to understand their habits. These sheep are social, timid, prefer dry environments, consume a wide variety of plants, tolerate roughage well, and adapt easily to harsh conditions, though they may not show obvious symptoms when sick. Regular observation is important. Grazing is ideal when conditions allow, as it reduces feeding costs. When feeding, choose nutrient-rich and cost-effective feed such as weeds, leaves, and crop stalks. Sheep should be fed first, then given clean water, with each sheep requiring 4 to 6 kg of water daily. Supplement with some fine feed, which should be crushed and mixed into a paste before feeding. A typical fine feed formula includes 30% corn, 59% bran, 10% cake, and 1% salt. Avoid moldy forage and always keep the feeding area clean. Do not let sheep drink from puddles, ponds, or ditches in the fields to prevent disease.
2. In winter and spring, combine warmth with proper ventilation in the sheep shed to reduce respiratory diseases. In summer, focus on heatstroke prevention.
3. Ensure regular vaccination and deworming. Typically, administer insecticide once in March and September each year. Always observe the health of the sheep and take action promptly if any issues arise. Keep the pens and facilities clean and sterilized regularly.
Zaozhuang Xuecheng District Animal Husbandry Bureau
Han Gangjian Zhang Pingding
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