First, the selection and construction of the sheep house. Since the northern region experiences relatively cold winters with large temperature differences between day and night, the sheep house should be built in a sheltered, sunny, high, and dry location. This ensures that the house remains warm in winter and cool in summer, which is beneficial for raising small-tailed sheep. If conditions permit, greenhouse-style or semi-open sheds can be constructed to improve insulation and ventilation. For open-air heat prevention, the size of the sheep house should be determined based on the number of sheep. Small-tailed sheep are tall, so the height of the shed should be between 2.5 to 3 meters. The structure should have appropriately sized doors and windows to ensure good ventilation, drying, heating, heatstroke prevention, natural lighting, and removal of harmful gases, all of which contribute to easier feeding operations. The ground should be made of sandy loam and slightly sloped outward to facilitate drainage.
Second, the selection of breeds.
1. Purchase from official channels and choose sheep that meet the characteristics of the small-tailed Han breed.
2. Understand the physical features of the small-tailed Han sheep to avoid being deceived. The appearance includes: tall stature, long limbs, well-developed front and rear body, balanced growth, strong and upright posture, a slightly square shape when viewed from the side, an elevated nasal bridge, drooping ears, and a short tail with an upward tip. Rams have large, thick heads with large, spiral horns, straight backs, well-developed chests, long hair, and ewes have smaller, longer necks. The hindquarters are well-developed, and they have a calm temperament with small horns or none at all.
3. It is best to introduce small-tailed Han sheep from their native areas such as Liangshan, Jiaxiang, or Taiqian in Henan Province, or from designated breeding centers.
Third, feeding and management.
1. To raise small-tailed Han sheep, it's essential to understand their habits. These sheep are gregarious, timid, prefer dry and open spaces, consume a wide variety of plants, tolerate roughage well, and have strong adaptability to harsh environments, though they may not show obvious symptoms when sick. Regular observation is important. Grazing is ideal when conditions allow, as it reduces feeding costs. When feeding, choose nutrient-rich and low-cost feed such as weeds, various leaves, and crop stalks. Ensure that each sheep consumes 4 to 6 kg of water daily. Additionally, supplement with some fine feed. Crush and mix the fine feed into a paste before feeding. A common formula for the fine feed could be: 30% corn, 59% bran, 10% cake, and 1% salt. Avoid feeding moldy forage. Clear out uneaten feed promptly and provide clean drinking water. Do not let them drink from ditches, ponds, or puddles in the field to prevent disease.
2. In winter and spring, combine warmth and ventilation in the sheep house to reduce respiratory diseases. In summer, focus on heatstroke prevention.
3. Implement proper preventive measures. Small-tailed Han sheep should be regularly vaccinated and dewormed. It is recommended to administer insecticides twice a year, usually in March and September. Always observe the health of the flock and take action immediately if any issues arise. Keep the pens and facilities clean and sterilize them regularly.
Zaozhuang Xuecheng District Animal Husbandry Bureau
Han Gangjian, Zhang Pingding
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