Sandalwood planting briefly
Sandalwood is a perennial plant, and it is a relatively extensive tree species. The conditions required in addition to temperature are not strict, but its yield, quality and variety, cultivation techniques, and the choice of planting place have an important relationship. High-quality varieties, properly managed, will grow faster and faster, become productive within ten years, and have high economic value. Poor seedlings will cause the growth to slow down, the quality of the wood is poor, and the variation will be delayed for 30 years or even longer.
High-quality seedlings need perfect technical support and standardized cultivation to achieve ideal returns.
First, select suitable growth areas for the climate conditions required for the growth of sandalwood
Sandalwood is a valuable small tree in tropical and southern subtropical regions. The provinces that can be grown in China include Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan and Fujian. The climate zone is required to be south of the Tropic of Cancer. The average temperature is ≥10°C and the accumulated temperature reaches 6000°C. There is no snow and severe frost in winter, and the minimum temperature is not lower than 0°C on average for many years.
Afforestation sites should be selected for the gentle slopes and mountains of Xiangyang. The soil for planting sandalwood must be well drained. It should be loose, breathable, and slightly acidic red sandy loam rich in iron, phosphorus, and potassium. The pH should be between 5 and 6.5. Avoid clay. The soil layer should be about 1m deep.
Second, the choice of season for planting sandalwood
The adaptability of the sandalwood seedlings is strong, as long as they have mastered its characteristics, it can be planted all year round. However, for the first time growers, we recommend the spring from March to May and fall from September to October. Of course, in areas with higher temperatures, the spring seedling period can be extended to about four months, and the autumn seedling period can be extended until the winter coldness arrives. That is, the principle of normal temperature 13 ~ 35 °C for the selection of transplanted seedlings transplanted in the time.
If you plant in the summer, you need to choose morning or dusk to avoid sun exposure and watering. There should be some shade around to prevent burns.
III. Preparation of Sandalwood Before Planting
Sandalwood is a semi-parasitic tree in the roots, so the planting method is also somewhat different from other plants. For large-scale professional growers, we require that Sandalwood seedlings undergo a series of preparatory work such as site preparation, selection of hosts, digging holes, fertilization, and acupuncture before planting, so it is generally recommended to book saplings 2 months in advance so that we can According to the conditions of the planting site, the choice of the host, etc., specific guidance is given to ensure that the best results are achieved.
Usually within 70 acres of sandalwood can be planted. Cave soil requires loose, no water, adequate basal fertilizer.
It is recommended that the depth of the hole is 50-60 inches, the diameter is 60-80 inches, and the spacing is 3m-5m. When digging the hole, it is required that the topsoil and the soil and soil be separated and piled in an orderly manner. When backfilling, the white-skinned topsoil should be filled into the bottom. In regions where the soil quality is not satisfactory and those who can further improve the soil, it is possible to replace some of the original cave soil with dried earthworm manure, garbage manure, and burnt earth mixed manure and mature manure. When fertilizing at the back, first spread the top soil of 1/3 point high mixed sand at the bottom of the hole, and then put 1/3 of the soil mixed fertilizer with high sandy soil; then mix the manure and sand on the four sides of the hole to form a fertilizer ring. Finally, put the topsoil and coarse sand back into the cave, and the height should be about 2020 or more higher than the surrounding ground.
Wait for about ten to twenty days or so. After the sinking of the soil in the cave, it is slightly higher than the ground. 0.1 kilograms of strong insecticides were mixed into soil to prevent underground insects from harming the root system.
The principle of back hole is that the seedling soil after planting is always higher than the surrounding ground.
The principle of fertilization is to attract the roots of various host plants to the roots of sandalwood to promote their joint growth.
Fourth, the colonization of seedlings.
Carefully cut the seedling nutrition plastic bags and avoid scattering the soil in the bags. When the earth-covered soil reaches 2/3 of the soil ball, hand-push the soil (don't step on it), fix the soil ball not sinking, keep the seedlings upright, and fill the surface soil with the gaps so that the depth can cover only the root system. Set the root water (even if it rains, set the root water).
If drought occurs after planting, it should be sprayed once every two days. It is advisable to fully infiltrate each time until the growth is stable.
Twenty days after planting, new shoots will be removed, drenched manure or compound water at a concentration of about 1:400 will help the new seedlings recover faster.
V. Configuration and Planting of Hosts
Sandalwood is a semi-parasitic tree in the roots. The nutrients are mainly provided by specific host plants. Therefore, the configuration and planting of the host is very important!
The selection of host plants in different parts of the country will vary slightly depending on the environment and needs. Mixed hosts are more consistent with the principle of nutritional balance than single hosts. You can choose plants with well-developed roots and rhizobial roots, such as pseudo-Artemisia or Piedmont, fruits such as longan, yellow skin, carambola, litchi, mango tree, etc.; Sumu, gardenia, Iron knife wood, catechu, Jurchen, Kuri and so on. They are not only related to sandalwood but also have economic value. In order to ensure short-term economic benefits, the same planting area, with only a little extra effort, can stably add an unusual amount to the old plantation. wealth.
Therefore, the introduction and cultivation of sandalwood will add a new direction for the traditional agricultural economy.
Sixth, the management of sandalwood planting
During the first year, it should be checked once a month to trim the overgrown host to ensure that the seedlings of the sandalwood get sufficient sunlight, and when the host is insufficient, the seedlings are replanted in time; sandalwood is a tree species that avoids water, and is heavy in soil, with less sand and gravel. In places, measures should be taken to drain water; the root of sandalwood is shallow and the shape of the seedling stage is the height of the seedlings and the wind resistance is poor. Therefore, in windy areas, post-planting should be supported with bamboo poles; it is usually recommended to top-dress three times a year during growth. The principle of fertilizing sandalwood and its host (focusing on the fertilization of the host) is to apply fertilization in the first five years, to reduce fertilization in five to eight years, and not to apply fertilizer in eight years; appropriate weeding, loosening and pruning.
Seven, pest and disease prevention
Changes in temperature, unfavorable environment, and poor management can all lead to the occurrence of diseases and insect pests. Proper measures can effectively prevent and control diseases.
According to investigations, the major pests and diseases that may occur in planting and breeding now are: seedling blight, root rot and beetle larvae that damage the roots; leafy leaf spot disease, powdery mildew, leaf pink butterfly, and scarab that harm the leaves; harm stems Skull shields, etc. These diseases and insect pests also exist in other local plants.
Insect pest protection methods include: spectrum insecticidal lamp; stocking parasitoids and other natural enemies; spring and summer season to strengthen the use of pesticides.
The main insect pests are: 1. Parasitic butterfly: use 40% malathion 2000 times solution or 90% trichlorfon crystal 800-1000 times to spray the leaves; 2. Scarab: use 90% trichlorfon crystals, 40 % omethoate 800 to 1000 times, or 50% malathion EC 1500 times spray. Kill larvae need to use 90% trichlorfon crystals, 50% phoxim 800 times each irrigation roots; 3, sepals shield pods: the host branches are too dense, causing the environment to wet, when the plant growth is poor. Properly trim the host plants to facilitate ventilation and light, so that the sandalwood grows robust; regular inspections, killing the young, can reduce the harm. The pruned larvae are piled up for a week and then burned to protect the natural enemies. In the egg hatching period for chemical control. Can be used 40% omethoate 1500 ~ 2000 times, 25% fluocin WP 2 000 times or 5% imidophos 1000 times spray, every 10 to 15 days, continuous 2 ~ 3 Times.
The main diseases are: 1. Root rot: caused by low humidity, heavy soil, poor drainage, and obstructed plant growth. In the early stage of disease, the leaves below the tip of the shoot show a slight chlorosis, and then they gradually expand upwards, coking, and falling off. Fine roots are rotted and detached, leaving only the main roots showing black and green ring rot. Can be used 50% carbendazim 800 times the solution, or 50% of 800 times solution of dexamethasone on the infected soil. Control soil moisture, prevent water accumulation, apply fertilizer properly, and increase disease resistance.
2, seedling blight: generally low temperature and rain, humidity, soil viscosity, poor drainage conditions. Occurred mainly in the sandalwood seedlings, brown lesions appeared at the base of the affected young stems and gradually expanded, pitted, rot, resulting in seedlings withered and died.
In the early stage of disease, it can be treated with 500 liters of Rhizoma Acne, or 50% thiophanate WP 800 to 1000 times, or 25% carbendazim WP 250 times. Disinfect the soil in the affected area.
3, leaf spot disease: in the soil is thin, poor drainage, excessive humidity or severe drought, the incidence of plant failure. Most of the lesions start from the tips and edges of the leaves and gradually expand, appearing round, semicircular, or irregular. The lesions began to appear brown, and the center of the lesions turned grey and white with black spots. In the year of June to September, the incidence of high temperature and high humidity season is high.
Strengthen the cultivation and management, so that sandalwood to improve disease resistance. Remove diseased leaves in a timely manner, concentrate on burning, and reduce the source of infection. It is sprayed with 50% thiophanate WP 800 to 1000 times, or 25% carbendazim WP 300 times.
More than 1,000 plants in the Guangdong area, more professional planting units can apply for the primary membership of the Sandalwood Association.
Pearl Island learns from Australia's advanced system. The Sandalwood Planting and Mutual Aid Society established is currently the most complete and most reliable way to support customers. Longzhu Island provides full-range technical services, providing guidance in detail from preparations to site planting, as well as all technical issues related to the ten-year cultivation period until sales assistance. It completely broke through the past old sandalwood varieties and old cultivation systems in China, and won the recognition of the national and foreign counterparts with the world's advanced technology.
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