Early autumn is the best season for budding fruit trees. The survival rate of fruit trees can be greatly improved. The specific method is described as follows:
It is more appropriate to grasp the timing for budding in September. Different regions can be advanced or delayed according to the weather conditions. Embryos are caught too early and sprouting development is not yet complete. The rootstocks are in a vigorous growth stage. The accumulated nutrients in the body are less, the bud survival rate is low, and the buds are prone to freeze damage after germination. The buds are picked too late and are not easily peeled off. Healing is difficult and the survival rate is low.
It is preferable that buds at the upper end of budding shoots and budding buds at the lower end should not be used for budding, and those full and full buds in the mid section of the shoots should be selected as budding buds. Bud size should be appropriate, buds too small, the contact surface with the rootstock is small, difficult to survive afterwards; buds too large, easy to fold when inserted into the rootstock interface, resulting in poor contact, low survival rate. When cutting the buds, care should be taken to protect the bud pad or a small amount of xylem. Under normal circumstances, the buds should be cut into shields or ring blocks, and the length of the shield-shaped buds should be 15-20 mm. The size of the buds in the ring block shape can be controlled flexibly depending on the thickness of the rootstock and budding shoots.
Grafting method in the grafting must handle the rootstock and then cut buds, and do with the cut with the access, in order to maintain the water buds, improve survival rate. "T"-shaped buds can be used, first cut 30-50 mm from the ground to the "T"-shaped mouth, the depth to see the xylem, can peel the bark as well, and then carefully peel the root bark with the tip, will The buds with shields and petioles are quickly embedded, and they are tied tightly with a plastic tape 10 mm wide. Only the buds and petioles are exposed. The density of the dressing is preferably 10-15 mm above and below the incision. After budding, the soil is 100 mm high. After about 15 days, the height is adjusted. Open the earth to check if it survives. If you do not survive, you should reapply budding on the back of the rootstock.
After harvesting, the nursery stocks that were planted in early fall were cut at 180-200 mm in the upper part of the bud after the spring of the second year, and the ligatures were released. Prune 3-4 times in summer and cut branches from rootstock. When the budding shoots grow to 80-90 mm long, they are tied to the live pile near the base. When it is 200-230 mm long, it is tied again at its upper end. After the lignification of the graft, the live pile should be cut off and the large seedlings can be kept in the field.
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