Hares are highly adaptable and can thrive on a variety of vegetation, making them suitable for artificial breeding. They reproduce quickly, grow at a fast rate, and offer good economic returns, which makes them an attractive option for farmers and breeders.
1. **Environmental Requirements**
Hares naturally seek out shelter in burrows, grassy areas, or crevices. When raising them in captivity, it's important to replicate this environment as closely as possible. The enclosure should be quiet, spacious, clean, and dry to ensure the hares feel safe and comfortable.
2. **Activity Patterns**
Hares are primarily nocturnal, becoming most active during dusk and dawn. They are easily startled, so it's crucial to maintain a calm and stable environment. Feeding and watering should be done during the day, preferably in the afternoon, to support their nighttime feeding habits.
3. **Feeding Habits**
Grass is the main component of a hare’s diet. During harsh winters when snow covers the ground, they may resort to eating bark, twigs, and grass roots. Hares also have a unique habit of consuming soft feces, which is a natural behavior to extract more nutrients. This is not pica, but a normal digestive process. To ensure adequate nutrition, provide fresh grass daily, and in winter, include straw like bean stalks, corn stalks, or sweet potato vines. You can also supplement with small amounts of corn, bran, and salt to enhance their appetite and overall health.
4. **Breeding Techniques**
Hares typically reach sexual maturity at around 5-6 months. Breeding occurs when temperatures are favorable, with northern populations producing 3-4 litters per year and southern ones up to 6-8. The survival rate of young rabbits is higher in spring due to abundant food sources. During estrus, females may chase males, show restlessness, and urinate frequently. Males often fight for mating rights. The gestation period lasts 30-40 days, and young hares become sexually mature by their second year. Artificial breeding is recommended after proper acclimation to reduce stress.
5. **Disease Prevention and Treatment**
Due to their skittish nature, hares are difficult to handle, making vaccination challenging. To prevent illness, you can add 0.1 grams of oxytetracycline to their feed for three consecutive days, repeated weekly. This helps maintain health and prevent infections. Additionally, furazolidone can be added once a week to protect against diarrhea and coccidiosis. Regular monitoring and a clean environment are essential for disease control.
By understanding these key aspects of hare care, breeders can improve productivity, ensure the well-being of the animals, and achieve better results in their farming operations.
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