In the first phase, the sowing and seedling stage. In early August, we planted early-maturing Chinese cabbage varieties such as Tianzheng Qiubai 19, Qiuzhenbai 6, Xiaoza 56, Xiaoza 60, and Jinlu 55. Mid-August saw the planting of Beijing New No. 3, Tianzheng Qiubai No. 1, Jinlv No. 75, Feng Kang 70, and 80. We also included live radishes like Full House Red and Green Garden Brittle, along with late-sown spinach, wolfberry, and celery.
The second part focuses on late autumn vegetable cultivation. In the first half of the year, we delayed the planting of cucumbers, tomatoes, and summer squash. Cucumber varieties included Jinlu No. 1, Jinyou No. 1, and Jinyan No. 4, which were planted in the early season and later transplanted. Seedlings were around 20-25 days old and were covered under greenhouses to maintain temperature and ventilation. Tomato varieties such as Pink Crown, Century Flour Star, Gold Shed, Paul Crown, and L402 were grown using old film or shade nets. Seedlings were 18-20 days old, with 2 leaves and 1 heart, and transplanted when they had 5-6 leaves. Zucchini varieties like Jingying, Jinghu No. 1, Jinghu No. 2, and French Fiddler were also cultivated, with seedlings around 20 days old, either in boxes or under cover. Both cucumbers and zucchinis were ready for harvest before National Day.
Third, wintering wolfberry and vegetable seedling production, along with soil disinfection. Wintering sweet peppers such as McCabe, Comanche, Red Rodin, Sweet Zao No. 4, Chilipupu 1, Hengjiao No. 1, 9785, and Yangjiao Huang were raised in shaded and rainproof box nurseries. Factory seedlings were 25-30 days old and could be sold before the Spring Festival. At the same time, older greenhouses were disinfected by mixing lime nitrogen, calcium cyanamide, calcium chloride, straw, and organic fertilizer into the soil and tilling it thoroughly.
Fourth, pest and disease control. Common diseases include eggplant blight, cucumber downy mildew, and powdery mildew. For tomato diseases, which peak in mid-season, a broad-spectrum fungicide was applied—such as 50% Anke diluted 1500 times combined with 80% Big M4-5800 times, or 72% Best at 800 times mixed with Cloud-120 at 1500 times, or 70% product run at 800-1000 times. Spraying should be done every 5-7 days, up to 2-3 times. For whiteflies, aphids, and leafhoppers, 32.5% emulsifiable concentrate can be sprayed at 1000-1500 times dilution, or 2.5% at 1500 times, and 5% solutions are effective for various pests. For caterpillars like Pieris rapae, cotton bollworm, Plutella xylostella, and Spodoptera litura, 10% insecticides diluted 1500-2000 times can be used, sprayed once every 10-15 days, and repeated twice for effective control.
Wang Fangde
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