August agricultural activities for vegetables

In the early part of August, we sowed several early-maturing Chinese cabbage varieties, including Tianzheng Qiubai 19, Qiuzhenbai 6, Xiaoza 56, Xiaoza 60, and Jinlu 55. In mid-August, we planted Beijing New No. 3, Tianzheng Qiubai No. 1, Jinlv No. 75, Feng Kang 70, and Feng Kang 80. We also introduced a range of radish varieties like Full House Red and Green Garden Brittle, along with late-sown spinach, wolfberry, and celery. This planting schedule was carefully planned to ensure a continuous harvest throughout the season. Moving into late autumn, we focused on cultivating vegetables that can withstand cooler temperatures. Cucumbers, tomatoes, and summer squash were delayed in planting. For cucumbers, we selected varieties such as Jinlu No. 1, Jinyou No. 1, and Jinyan No. 4. These were started early and transplanted later, with seedlings aged between 20 to 25 days. The greenhouses were covered with plastic film, and vents were managed regularly to maintain optimal temperature and humidity. Tomato varieties included Pink Crown, Century Flour Star, Gold Shed, Paul Crown, and L402. Seedlings were raised using old film or shade nets, with an ideal age of 18 to 20 days—when they had two leaves and one heart. They were transplanted when they reached five to six leaves. Zucchini varieties like Jingying, Jinghu No. 1, Jinghu No. 2, and French Fiddler were also planted using box nurseries, with seedlings ready for transplanting after about 20 days. Both cucumbers and zucchini are expected to be ready for market before National Day. For winter crops, we focused on preparing seedlings for wintering vegetables like sweet peppers. Varieties such as McCabe, Comanche, Red Rodin, Sweet Zao No. 4, Chilipupu 1, Hengjiao No. 1, 9785, and Yangjiao Huang were grown in shaded and rainproof conditions using box nurseries. These seedlings were kept for 25 to 30 days before being transplanted, ensuring they would be ready for sale before the Spring Festival. At the same time, we performed soil disinfection in older greenhouses by mixing lime nitrogen, calcium cyanamide, calcium chloride, straw, and organic fertilizers, which were then tilled into the soil to improve its health and prevent disease. In terms of pest and disease control, we monitored several common issues. Eggplant blight, cucumber downy mildew, and powdery mildew were among the main concerns. During the peak season for tomato diseases, we applied broad-spectrum fungicides such as 50% Anke diluted at 1500 times, combined with 80% Big M4-5800 at 5800 times, or 72% Best at 800 times mixed with Cloud-120 at 1500 times. Another option was 70% product run diluted between 800 to 1000 times. Spraying was done every 5 to 7 days, sometimes up to two or three times depending on the severity. For pests like whiteflies, aphids, and leafhoppers, we used 32.5% emulsifiable concentrate at 1000 to 1500 times dilution, or 2.5% at 1500 times, and 5% formulations for different types of infestations. For more severe pests such as Pieris rapae (cabbage butterfly), cotton bollworm, Plutella xylostella, and Spodoptera litura, we applied 10% insecticide diluted 1500 to 2000 times, spraying once every 10 to 15 days, with a second application if needed to effectively manage the infestations. Wang Fangde

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