IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers), a global technology professional organization dedicated to promoting technological innovation and progress, recently invited a number of expert members to share their latest achievements in the field of robotics research. In these innovative projects, they combine a range of technologies with robots to design innovative robots for use in disaster relief, medical and biomechanical engineering.
Robot Lifeguard: Safer Drowning Savior
In the hot weather, people like to swim and cool off, so summer is often the high incidence of drowning accidents. According to the International Life Federation, about 1.2 million people die every year from drowning. In order to better protect the safety of swimmers, Dr. Robin Murphy, IEEE Fellow, Director of the Robotic Assisted Search and Rescue Center of Texas A&M University, is developing a water-skiing robot EMILY that can be used for emergency rescue. . The robot is a cylinder about 4 feet long that floats on the water and is remotely controlled by lifeguards. Rescue robot EMILY's "swim" speed is faster than lifeguards, and can quickly reach the drowning person for rescue. At the same time, thanks to remote operation, EMILY can also search and rescue during flooding.
According to Dr. Murphy, “The drowning people often struggle fiercely in the water, making it difficult for lifeguards to get close, and even threatening the personal safety of lifeguards. When designing the EMILY search and rescue mode, we specifically refer to the theory of spatial relations. This is a The Department of Psychology, which studies how people use space for communication, explores the impact of space on human behavior, communication, and social interaction. From this, we ensure that EMILY is rescued with more gentle behavior, allowing the drowning to allow the robot to approach, and Take them to safety."
Lightweight, low-energy mechanical bones: the gospel of people with reduced mobility
Research results of clutch devices based on electrosorption technology, IEEE member, Professor Steve Collins, biomechanical engineering at Carnegie Mellon University, USA, developed a mechanical exoskeleton that can help patients with disabilities or rehabilitation during their mobility. . This lightweight, low-energy, and highly flexible mechanic bone helps people with reduced mobility to do more simple daily tasks, such as lifting and moving heavier objects. This mechanical skeleton uses a clutch device for electrosorption technology, which is an upgraded version of Professor Collins' previous development, the unpowered ankle exoskeleton. The unpowered ankle exoskeleton helps the wearer reduce energy consumption by 7% while walking.
“When conceiving this electro-adhesive clutch device, we focused on how to convert energy at low power.†Professor Collins said, “In prosthetic and mechanical bone design, the most difficult thing is to develop A practical function that really helps the wearer. With electro-adsorption technology, we have successfully assembled hundreds of independently controlled thin, low-cost small clutches into a single mechanical skeleton, completely overturning the inherent mechanical system design. â€
Artificial intelligence algorithm: improve surgical success rate
According to a recent study by Johns Hopkins Medical, more than 250,000 patients die each year from medical malpractice in the United States. This makes medical negligence one of the top three causes of death in the United States. In order to improve the success rate of surgery, IEEE Fellow, Professor of the Bio-robot Technology Laboratory at the University of Washington, Professor Blake Stanford, is leading the team in research on Raven robots. The Raven robot is a semi-automatic surgical robot that assists surgeons in performing surgeries and improves the dexterity and precision of the procedure, greatly reducing the chance of surgical negligence and preventing complications or death after surgery.
Professor Nathanford said: "We have found that the artificial intelligence algorithm 'behavior tree' used in the character design process of some battle-oriented video games can be well translated into the modeling language used in automated medical procedures. Artificial intelligence Behavioral trees have applications that can be used directly in the programming of Raven robots, which brings advanced precision and minimally invasive treatments to thousands of patients."
In fact, not only in the field of surgery, artificial intelligence is also applied to other aspects of the medical field to ease the workload of doctors. According to Prof. Zhou Zhihua, the IEEE Fellow and the head of the Institute of Machine Learning and Data Mining (LAMDA) of Nanjing University, the imaging doctors in the hospital need to see a large number of medical images every day. The long-term concentration of the spirit will make people particularly tired and increase. The risk of diagnosing errors. Artificial intelligence applied to medical image processing can help doctors screen and remove normal images, allowing doctors to focus on images that may be suffering from diseases, thus significantly reducing the daily workload of doctors. Zhou Zhihua believes that "the mainstream artificial intelligence technology has been developing to alleviate the complicated and repetitive labor of human beings. In the future, artificial intelligence will become more intelligent and more convenient for people to use everyday."
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