I am a professional hog raising farmer. During the winter season, the biggest problem facing pig farms is not that the sows do not have a litter, but that the piglets have a low survival rate, especially after the cold. According to observations, the piglets had very beautiful coats before weaning, and they began to grow hairy, diarrhea, and wasted after weaning, which led to long hair, paleness, swollen joints, difficulty in breathing, neurological symptoms, etc., and eventually died or became stiff pigs. The mortality rate in the delivery room is relatively high, and the survival rate of the delivery room in the surrounding pig farms in my neighbourhood can reach 97%, but the survival rate of the nursery is only about 93% (the target survival rate is more than 98%). Experts are encouraged to give professional guidance on raising the survival rate of piglets in winter. Thank you!
Hunan Yinxiang County Swine Cooperatives Liu Wenjing
Wenjing Liu readers:
In response to the issue of the survival rate of winter piglets raised in your letter, suggestions are being made for the management errors that are common in nursery pig farms for your reference. I hope I can help you.
Internal temperature should be kept at 28°C
Piglets have high temperature requirements when they are stressed during weaning and in crowding. Therefore, we must strengthen the insulation, turn on the heat lamp, put insulation mats, and wooden boards so that the temperature of the pens can be increased by 3°C or more to 28°C before weaning.
Some pig farms think that the piglets are large and do not need to be insulated. It is incorrect to determine the temperature of the piglet environment by human perception of temperature. If you go to the field at night, you will find that all the weaned piglets are crowded and the pigs are sleeping on the pigs, especially during the first week after weaning. In these days, the piglets will definitely become ill. When the piglets have just been transferred to the nursery, they need to be positioned to prevent the piglets from pulling the feces and urine, resulting in poor humidity and poor air quality in the nursery.
Emphasis on feeding piglets
In general, the pig farm will feed the piglet, but if it is not done properly, it will cause more waste. In common pig farms, feeds are started at 5 to 7 days of piglets, but feeding too much at one time results in agglomeration of the feed and molds. Even the feed trough becomes the piglet's toilet, and it is not cleaned and replaced in time. The final feeding trough is not success.
There are many ways to feed troughs and they can have good results. For example, if the piglet starts to feed a small amount of milk in the chute at the age of 2 days to supplement the nutrition and let the piglet become familiar with the location of the feed trough; at the age of 5 days, use the milk + crevice material + water to adjust into a thin, obligatory jug, continuous For three days, guide the piglets that are already familiar with the aroma of milk to eat the chute, and let the piglet slowly transition from the liquid milk to the solid feed. The piglets begin at the age of 8 days, and a small number of teaching slots (guaranteed more than 5 times per day) are cleaned daily, and the feed troughs are cleaned in time to keep the feed trough clean and feed fresh.
Feeding should be small meals
When the piglets are in the delivery room, they eat milk once every 1 hour or so, and are accustomed to small and multi-meal foods. After the weaned piglets are generally weaned, they use 4 meals a day. At this time, the intestinal villi of piglets become shorter and the feed digestibility is reduced. Prone to diarrhea due to digestion and absorption, or reduced resistance and secondary infection with Haemophilus parasuis, circovirus, etc., joint swelling, loose hair, pale, weight loss and breathing difficulties and other symptoms.
Therefore, a small amount of multi-meal feeding should be adopted to get up from the morning and feed it every 2 hours at 10:00 in the evening, feed 80% of it each time, and add a probiotic to promote digestion and absorption in the feed. This feeding method can make piglets eat more feed than before, and it will not be diarrhea. The growth rate of piglets is faster, and they are transferred to the finishing pig house 10 days before, gradually reducing the number of meals fed and adjusting to daily Feed 2 to 3 meals.
Piglet health care should start before weaning
Piglets often suffer from dyspnea, joint swelling, hairy skin loss, and other symptoms about 15 days after weaning. Some pig farms choose to take care about 10 days after weaning, but the effect is not ideal because the piglets are stressed during weaning and switching. At the time of infection, the disease has developed into the middle and late stages, or when the piglets have obvious symptoms, they will take care of them again. The effect is very poor. Therefore, the best time for health care should be carried out when there is a lot of stress, such as when weaning, switching and switching.
Scientifically selected health-care drugs, some pig farms are still using florfenicol, doxycycline, and sulfa drugs to treat piglets. Although effective, it was not ideal. The drug stopped. Within a few days, the disease still occurred. Because these drugs have more side effects, they have stronger immunosuppression.
The maternal antibody disappears after weaning and the piglet's immune system is not fully developed. After the use of immunosuppressive drugs, the self-protection of the piglet will further decrease. When the concentration of the drug in the body decreases, the protective effect is lost. The bacteria began to multiply rapidly and became ill.
Therefore, for the health care of weaned piglets, we must choose Chinese medicine extracts that increase body resistance, such as compound astragalus polysaccharides (Jianliyuan), and non-immunosuppressive antibiotics such as cephalosporin (Saizhizhi) and compound amoxicillin (carboxolidins). ) And other health care.
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