Occurrence and Control of Common Diseases in the Mid and Late Growth Stages of Pinellia ternate
(Li Hongjun, Runkang Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Heze City, Shandong Province)
One, tuber rot disease
1. Symptoms and Symptoms: The disease occurs at high temperatures, rainy seasons, excessively long soil moisture, and enlargement of tubers and bulbs. During the early stages of tuber infestation with Pinellia tuber, irregular black spots appeared around the tubers. The spots spread rapidly around, and after 3-4 days, numerous pathogenic spots were linked and continued to invade the inside of tubers. The Xiagen system began to shrink, and the leaves on the ground gradually turned yellow from the green and withered. One week later, the tubers of Pinellia sinensis were round blisters, like ripe grapes. The tubers were full of black water and the whole plant died. Finally, only a thin skin was left. The spread of germs will quickly infect other Pinellia tubers, causing the entire Pinellia plot to infect and rot for a short period of time, first rotting large tubers, then spreading to small tubers, leaving only bulblets less than one centimeter in length. This disease is also the most common, hard-to-treat, dangerous, and wide-ranging disease that is currently cultivated in the Pinellia ternate.
2. Control methods
(1) Pay attention to selecting good breeds. For the artificial planting of Pinellia ternata, it is necessary to select Pinellia cultivars with strong disease resistance and strong growth, such as leaf-shaped fine varieties such as “narrow three-leaves†and “willow leaf-shapedâ€.
(2) Sterilize the stem before sowing. 50% carbendazim soaking for 12 hours; 5% soddy ash soaking for 2 hours; 1 serving of 50% carbendazim + 1 part 40% 300% diethylphosphorus aluminum soaking for half an hour; 300 times vinegar, 50 Milliliter/liter of potassium permanganate was soaked separately to pre-preserve rot and increase production.
(3) Strictly choose soil and topography. The soil must be loam soil or loam soil to ensure good water permeability and permeability; the best terrain has a slope of 10-25 degrees. If the terrain is flat, deeper and densely drained water ditches must be dug.
(4) In the event of continuous rainy weather and relatively moist soil, as long as it can be cultivated in the middle of the field, it is necessary to carry out various forms and multiple times of cultivating the loose soil to break the hardened layer of the soil and eliminate the harmful gases in the soil and fresh air. The introduction of oxygen increases the gas exchange between soil and air. This measure can effectively prevent and reduce the occurrence of rot disease. And timely spraying bactericide or sprinkle 5 kg / kg of quicklime powder.
(5) Prevent underground pests and earthworms in time. The use of new pyrethroid pesticides, containing 50 g/l cyfluthrin EC, has an activating effect that can drive pests out of caves, come into contact with medicines, and quickly act on the nervous system of pests, killing them by poisoning. Used on a large area in the field, the control effect is 100%.
(6) Rotten stems rush to collect. During the middle and late growth stages of Pinellia ternata, if continuous rainy weather and high soil moisture are encountered, check the growth conditions of Pinellia ternata. If some parts of the Pinellia plants are found to have rot, in this case, regardless of whether the harvest season is met, Should be timely and decisive to seize the harvest, not delaying the date, otherwise, tuber rot quickly, the first rotten, after the rotten small, resulting in reduced or even out of production. At the same time as emergency harvesting, the tubers of Pinellia ternate that are harvested from the wet mud should be peeled and processed immediately. Therefore, the fresh tubers are still rot inside. If they are not processed, most of the tubers will be rotted after 1-2 days. Do not carelessly.
Second, the virus disease (deflation)
1. Symptoms: The disease is potato mosaic virus Dashaen Mosaic Virus, which is both DMV.
It is mainly due to insect transmission virus of Pinellia stems with viruses or aphids. In the early summer, high temperatures and rain, locusts and other cases occur and spread. After the onset of the Pinellia plant, irregular yellow spots appear on the normally growing leaves, turning the leaves into mosaics, shrinking and twisting, rolling up, dwarfing plants, and poor growth. The disease also caused Pinellia to cause substantial decay during storage.
2. Control methods
(1) Choose disease-free plots and regional planting; strictly select Pinellia species.
(2) Application of fermented and decomposed organic fertilizer, topdressing phosphorus and potassium fertilizers.
(3) Timely elimination or prevention of the occurrence and spread of insect pests such as locusts.
(4) After emergence of Pinellia, 40% dimethoate or 80% dichlorvos should be continuously sprayed 1500 times, once every 7 days, and sprayed 3 times.
(5) In the early stage of disease, it is treated with a new type of low-toxicity, low-residue agent such as virus clearing, Keweiwei, and drug tyrants. Once in three days, it is treated three times.
Third, damping-off disease (hot leaf disease)
1. Symptoms and Symptoms: The disease is one of the most common major diseases in the artificial planting of Pinellia ternate. The cause of the disease is under research and observation. In the high-temperature rainy season and high humidity environment, it is most likely to occur, especially when the ventilation and light transmission are poor. At the beginning of the disease, green and irregular lesions appeared on the leaves and petioles, and then the color of the lesions deepened, the affected area became soft, and the leaves seemed to burn like hot water. They appeared to be translucent and drooping, sticking to each other. The onset of the disease is acute and the infection is fast. Once discovered, it spreads quickly and the treatment is troublesome. The soil and air in the entire plot give off a strong, foul smell.
2. Control methods
(1) When choosing plots, choose old plots of tomatoes, eggplants, cucumbers, and cabbages that have not been planted before, or plant P. ternata on plots that have not experienced damping-off.
(2) In the rainy season and high temperature season, attention should be paid to reducing soil moisture.
(3) After the soil has been selected, winter plowing should be conducted in winter. Do not apply unfertilized fertilizer, with or without the use of nitrogen fertilizer from chemical fertilizers.
(4) Prevention is the mainstay. After the onset of high temperature after the rain, with 75% chlorothalonil 800 times; 50% thiofuroxen 1000 times; agricultural 200ppm streptomycin, neomycin and 300ppm chloramphenicol; 7 days once, Alternately spray 3 times. Pay attention to spray evenly, do not re-spray, no leakage spray.
(5) In recent trials, 66.5% of Prec 800 times and 72% of DuPont-Kelu 500 times have been sprayed to prevent and control. The effect is also good.
Shandong Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Runkang, Heze City, Hongjun Li Address: No. 129, Mudan Road, Heze City, Shandong Province, China Postcode: 274000
Tel: 0530-3978801 Website:
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