Foxes are not particularly attentive to their nests, which makes artificial breeding a practical and cost-effective option. When setting up a breeding area, it's important to choose a location that is dry, well-ventilated, and has good drainage, as well as easy access to water and electricity. A perimeter wall should be constructed around the site, with a sterilized limestone trough at the entrance to prevent disease. Outside the wall, a tree can be planted for shade and natural aesthetics. Inside the facility, a fox shed is essential to protect the animals from rain, snow, and direct sunlight.
Depending on the number of foxes being bred, cages or enclosures can be placed under the shed. The environment must remain cool in summer and warm in winter, while also being safe, quiet, and easy to manage. It should allow for efficient feeding, observation, cleaning, and disinfection.
(1) Fox shelters can be built using materials such as angle iron, concrete posts, and asbestos tiles, or alternatively, brick and wood structures. The ridge height of the shed should range between 2.6 to 2.8 meters, while the shelter itself should be 1.5 to 2 meters high, 5 to 5.5 meters wide, with a walkway of 1.2 meters in width.
(2) The fox cage is typically divided into two parts: the play area and the nesting chamber. The play area is usually made of steel or steel angles with wire mesh covering it. The mesh size at the bottom should not exceed 3 cm x 3 cm, while the sides should have a finer mesh of no more than 2.5 cm x 2.5 cm. The cage should be at least 1 meter long, 0.7 meters wide, and 0.8 to 0.9 meters high. A movable door measuring 0.4 meters in height and 0.3 meters in width is installed at the front for handling the foxes during feeding or breeding.
The nesting chamber is a small box, usually made of bricks or wooden planks, measuring 0.7 meters long, 0.5 meters wide, and 0.5 meters high. A ceramic pipe with a diameter of 20 to 30 cm and a length of 40 cm is connected to the cage to mimic natural burrowing habits. A removable door is also installed at the connection point for isolation and easy capture. The chamber has a cover that can be lifted, and a small, movable door (0.2 m x 0.2 m) is placed near the walkway for inspection and cleaning.
(3) For larger groups of foxes, enclosures or rings are often used. The walls of these enclosures are typically built with bricks, stones, or metal sheets, and they should be 1.2 to 1.5 meters high. The top is covered with strong wire mesh to prevent escape. The floor is usually paved with bricks or cement. Inside each enclosure, there are multiple chambers—larger ones measuring 0.7 m x 0.5 m x 0.5 m and smaller ones 0.6 m x 0.4 m x 0.5 m. Each chamber has an entrance and exit with a diameter of 20 to 23 cm, allowing for easy capture, separation of foxes, and monitoring of litters.
In addition to sheds, cages, and enclosures, some setups combine these elements. The four walls are built with bricks and stones, and the roof is covered with strong wire mesh. The northern half of the structure is partially covered with reeds and blankets to provide shade, while the southern half remains open for the foxes to enjoy the sun. The ground is covered with cement, and a small shrub is planted in the center. Wooden boxes are placed around, with one side having an opening to allow foxes to enter and exit freely. This setup mimics a natural habitat and promotes better welfare for the animals.
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