In the winter season, snowfall can significantly affect vegetable production, especially in greenhouses. Many growers are concerned about how heavy snow impacts their structures and crops. Drawing from years of hands-on experience, I’d like to share some practical tips on managing snowfall in greenhouse environments.
One of the most critical issues is the risk of snow pressure causing greenhouse collapse. For example, a 10 cm snow layer exerts about 1.25 kg per square meter. A greenhouse that’s 8 meters wide and 50 meters long has a total snow-covered area of 350 square meters, which means it bears around 4,375 kg of snow. Add the weight of hay or straw used for insulation, and the load becomes even heavier. This kind of pressure can easily damage weak or improperly constructed greenhouses. Therefore, it's essential to clear snow regularly and reinforce any structures with weak support systems.
During snowfall, covering the greenhouse with straw or hay can help reduce the weight on the roof while providing insulation. The snow itself acts as a natural insulator, helping to keep the inside warmer. As the snow accumulates, it forms a protective layer over the plastic film. After the snow stops, it's important to remove the top layer of snow quickly and re-cover the greenhouse at night to maintain warmth.
Snow around the base of the greenhouse should not be removed, as it helps insulate the structure. A 1-meter-high snow wall around the front of the greenhouse can act as an effective thermal barrier without adding extra pressure to the frame.
After snowfall, it's crucial to manage temperature carefully. Prolonged cloud cover reduces sunlight, leading to lower greenhouse temperatures. When temperatures drop below 10°C, plant roots may stop absorbing nutrients, and new root growth can be delayed. If the weather clears suddenly, plants might experience rapid transpiration, which can lead to wilting if the roots aren't able to supply enough water. To avoid this, gradually increase ventilation—start by opening one-quarter of the vents, then slowly open more if there are no signs of stress.
Once the snow clears, nighttime insulation remains important. Without clouds, heat escapes quickly, and temperatures can drop rapidly. To prevent cold damage, preheat the greenhouse before sunset, add extra layers of covering, and consider using temporary heating methods to warm up the space.
Finally, after the snow melts, it's time to care for the vegetables in open fields. Crops like cauliflower, cabbage, garlic, onions, and leafy greens need attention. After thawing, you can apply a light fertilizer and loosen the soil to encourage healthy regrowth. Taking these steps ensures your crops recover well and continue to thrive.
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