The symptoms of the disease appear on the stem, where discoloration and decay are evident. The infection progresses along the affected side of the stem, leading to softening and rot. Pinkish spore masses typically develop at the site of the rot, which is a clear sign of the disease's progression.
The pathogen responsible for this condition is *Fusarium roseum* Link, also known as *Fusarium erythraea*. This fungal species is commonly found in soil and can cause serious damage to various crops, especially under favorable environmental conditions.
To manage this disease effectively, several control methods are recommended:
1. Implement crop rotation for at least three years to reduce the buildup of pathogens in the soil. Incorporate fully decomposed organic manure into the soil and use balanced fertilization techniques. It is also important to increase potassium fertilizer application, as it helps improve plant resistance to diseases.
2. Use new or disinfected soil for seedbeds. To disinfect the soil, mix 5–10% carbendazim WP (Wettable Powder) per square meter with 4–5 kg of soil, ensuring even distribution. Spread one-third of the treated soil on the bed surface, sow the seeds, and then cover them with the remaining soil. This method helps prevent the spread of the pathogen from the soil to the plants.
3. At the early stage of infection, spray 50% carbendazim WP or 36% thiophanate methyl suspension diluted at 500 times. Additionally, apply 10% double effect lingshui or 12.5% synergistic carbendazim solvent diluted at 200 times directly to the root area. Each planting hole should be watered with 100 ml of the solution, and this process should be repeated every 7–10 days for 3–4 consecutive times.
By following these integrated management practices, farmers can significantly reduce the impact of this fungal disease on their crops and promote healthier growth.
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