Broccoli is a high-grade health vegetable with aroma, taste, and flavor. It is also a best-selling product in the international market, and it has now become a high-yield vegetable for export and domestic sales in China. However, due to the high requirements for the growth and development conditions of broccoli and the fact that producers are not familiar with broccoli cultivation techniques, the production is often caused by improper selection of varieties, sowing dates, and improper cultivation and management measures, resulting in malformed flower bulbs and flower buds. Problems such as rotting balls, poor quality, and low yield have directly affected the harvest. The field management techniques for high-yield and high-quality broccoli are summarized below.
First, the management of seedlings
This period of management is mainly cooling and moisturizing to promote early slow seedlings. In addition to using shading nets to shave the shade, it is necessary to spray water once in the morning and in the evening. In order to prevent the underground pests from biting off the seedlings, Milor was evenly sprinkled on the soil surface when planting. About 7 days after colonization, one-time human excretion or 2% to 3% urea aqueous solution was applied to promote plant growth. To prevent and reduce the occurrence of diseases, spray 75% chlorothalonil 600 times solution or 50% carbendazim 600 times once 10 days after colonization.
Second, the management of rosette period
This period is a period of vegetative growth of broccoli, must provide sufficient fertilizer and water, so that stems and leaves grow faster, lay a good nutritional foundation for high yields. This period requires top dressing 2 times. The first top dressing is when the plants begin to grow rapidly (approximately 15 days after planting). Use a small steamed bread to apply urea between the plants and apply urea at a rate of about 15 kg per acre. The second top dressing is in the plants. Before ridge closure, when the heart and leaves of the plant begin to be heart-twisted (about 30 days after planting), combine the weeding agent and apply fertilizer to the soil after opening the shallow ditch between the rows. Mushi compound fertilizer is 20-25 kg or peanut bran 25 kg.
Third, the ball period management
In order to promote vegetative growth to reproductive growth and transformation, beneficial flower bulb formation, this period should be properly controlled nitrogen fertilizer, coupled with phosphorus, potassium fertilizer and boron, molybdenum and other trace fertilizer. In the beginning of the formation of flower bulbs (40 to 50 days after planting) heavy fertilization, Mushi potassium chloride 15 kg, compound fertilizer 15 kg. In order to reduce yellowing of flower bulbs and cavities of flowers and stems, and delay plant senescence, 0.5% borax and 0.5% ammonium molybdate solution were sprayed on the foliage during the formation of flower bulbs. Spraying was performed approximately once every one week, and spraying was continued 2 or 3 times. During the formation of the entire flower bulb, the soil in the field should be kept moist and the diseased leaves, old leaves, and pests should be removed timely.
Fourth, the management of the harvest period
This period should not only pay attention to the timely removal of diseased leaves, leaves, in order to facilitate the air and light, and promote the accumulation of nutrients to the flower ball, but also pay attention to control of water, to prevent excessive humidity, causing disease and flower bulb mold rotten.
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