WHO: MERS-like disease transmission will be human normal
June 11, 2015 Source: Sina Technology
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In the face of viruses, modern medicine is not powerless.
[Global Times reporter Wang Caili] After the first case of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) was confirmed on May 20, the MERS epidemic continued to spread in South Korea. On June 9, Cui Yuhuan, the deputy prime minister and planning finance minister of the Republic of Korea, said that the level of the epidemic should be raised from the current "attention" to the "serious" at the highest level. On the same day, the World Health Organization (WHO) study group launched an investigation into the Korean epidemic. The epidemic in South Korea has also brought "fear" to neighboring countries and regions. Hong Kong and Macao in China are waiting for it. At the same time, MERS has been in mainland China for more than two weeks... Is the MERS epidemic terrible? What do you think of the infectious virus in these years? Is the pace of human science and technology progress behind the speed of new viruses? In response to these questions, the Global Times reporter interviewed Dr Schwartl?nder, the representative of the World Health Organization in China.
Not close contact, it will not be easy to pass people
Global Times: What is the assessment of the current MERS epidemic in the WHO Representation in China? Is there a possibility of a large-scale human transmission? Can you tell us about the situation of the Korean epidemic that you know about it?
Shi Hede: The current epidemic in South Korea began with a person who had been to the Middle East and was infected with a virus in the area. The patient returned to South Korea and went to the hospital for medical treatment, passing the virus to relatives and patients living in the same ward (and some of their relatives), as well as the medical staff who treated him. The virus seems to have been passed on to other people before the patient is diagnosed and taking the necessary preventive measures. According to the current evidence on the MERS coronavirus, if it is not in close contact, the virus does not seem to be easily transmitted. There is no evidence of continued interpersonal communication.
Global Times: The MERS epidemic originated in the Middle East. It has been two or three years in the Middle East. What kind of observations does WHO have?
Schwartz: MERS is a viral respiratory disease caused by a novel coronavirus. The virus was first discovered in Saudi Arabia in 2012. It is a zoonotic virus that originates from animals and is then transmitted to humans and spread in humans. Since its discovery, the world has diagnosed about 1,200 cases and more than 440 people have died. Most cases occur in the Middle East, and the current epidemic in South Korea is the largest outbreak in the Middle East to date. This is a relatively new disease and there are still many unknowns.
In the face of viruses, modern medicine is not powerless.
Global Times: From SARS to bird flu, Ebola, to MERS, every few years there will be infectious virus raging, so that humans are caught off guard, why is this? Is this the normal state of human society?
Schwartz: The history of infectious viruses is longer than humans, and they will always be with us in the foreseeable future. The changes in recent decades have been that the world we live in is gradually globalizing and the population is moving more and more frequently, which makes the spread of the virus more convenient. At the same time, in the past few decades, the global public health network has gradually formed, in order to discover new human infectious diseases and curb the epidemic as soon as possible.
The International Health Regulations require governments and experts within the global public health network to communicate closely and identify new health risks in a timely manner. An important factor in making the IHR work effectively is to communicate with the media so that the public can understand whether they need to take certain actions to prevent emerging health threats from harming themselves. As a result, the public visibility of new infectious diseases has increased, and governments and international organizations have been able to work more closely together to protect people from emerging health threats.
Global Times: All kinds of epidemics occur frequently. Does it mean that human society has entered a period of high incidence of infectious virus?
Shi Hede: It is hard to say whether it has entered the “high incidence period†of infectious diseases, because new diseases may still appear in the future, and as I said, because of the increasingly globalized and increasingly frequent people, the disease is more likely to spread. .
Global Times: While looking for a source of virus and a method of prevention and treatment, although modern medicine is relatively developed, it still gives people the impression that it is not enough. Is this the case? Can the pace of technological advancement in the future exceed the speed of new virus mutation and transmission?
Shi Hede: Modern medicine is not powerless. In fact, modern medicine has made great strides in health and medical care. However, new infectious diseases may appear at any time, and MERS is an example. Modern medical tools – rapid diagnostic tests, antiviral drugs, vaccines, antibiotics, etc. – will continue to play an important role in responding to emerging infectious disease threats.
A new flight can spread new viruses to the world
Global Times: What do you think of the Chinese response to the MERS epidemic after landing in China? What advice do you have for what to do next?
Shi Hede: As far as I know, after receiving a notice from South Korea that a close contact with a confirmed case of MERS arrived in China, the Chinese health authorities quickly responded. For example, the local health department quickly found and isolated the patient. All close contacts of the patient have been found. The Guangdong Health and Family Planning Commission sent an expert team to conduct epidemiological investigations and sampling work in Huizhou, and the Guangdong health department also tracked the close contacts of the patients during their stay in Hong Kong. The swift action of the Chinese health sector has reduced the risk of a larger outbreak in China.
Global Times: The SARS in 2003 has brought a lot of impact on Chinese society. For more than a decade, China has done a lot in medical and epidemic prevention. What observations do you have about this, what is the most impressive change? What areas of work must be strengthened?
Shi Hede: China has drawn a lot of important experience from SARS and established a system to deal with such situations, such as repeated trials to isolate suspected cases and standard procedures for high-quality treatment cases. These systems are very effective and have been further strengthened and refined during the Ebola outbreak.
It is worth noting that the virus is now different from the SARS virus. If there is no close contact, such as treating and caring for patients without protection, the virus does not seem to be easily transmitted. Of course, it is necessary to remain vigilant and ensure that the monitoring system operates effectively.
Global Times: Compared with the ancient plague epidemic, what are the new characteristics of the spread of infectious virus in the modern era? Is globalization brought about by the development of science and technology also let the spread of the virus globalization?
Shi Hede: There are many reasons for the emergence and spread of infectious diseases. For example, the population is increasing, and more and more people are living adjacent to animals. These have created opportunities for the virus to spread between animals and people. At the same time, international trade and travel are becoming more frequent. In modern society, a flight can spread new viruses in hospitals and clinics around the world. The key to preventing the globalization of the virus is the close cooperation between the global health care industry, the timely detection of new viruses and the efficient exchange of information, and then respond quickly and effectively.
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