Tomatoes are a kind of vegetable for all ages. The easiest way to eat is to eat raw food directly. Others eat more. The flesh is rich in multivitamins, among which iron is the most abundant. It is one of the best foods for iron supplementation. . Tomatoes with good varieties and good growth have the best nutritional value. Tomatoes with high yield and good quality are very strict in terms of their cultivation techniques and environmental management requirements for growth. The following is a relatively complete set of tomato cultivation techniques compiled by Huinong Xiaolin for everyone, the purpose is to improve the yield and quality of tomatoes, welcome to the reference!
First, the characteristics of tomatoes
Sunshine
Tomatoes are hi-light plants. They prefer suitable light temperatures. Insufficient sunlight can cause disease in plants, resulting in short plants, frequent illnesses, small fruits, and sour taste. Therefore, it needs to be sunny and not too strong. The high temperature will stop the tomato plants from growing until they die. The normal temperature should be maintained at 15-25 degrees Celsius.
2. Soil
Tomato cultivation should be chosen in a flat and open place. Such places are fertile, the soil layer is deep, calcium and other nutrients are abundant, enough tomatoes are needed for growth, irrigation is convenient, soil water retention is good, and there is good communication. Permeability, the soil can provide sufficient fertility for a long time.
3. Time
The best incubation time for tomatoes is December. The seedlings cultivated at this time are most suitable. For the newly developed seedlings, the temperature is suitable. The weather and the thrifty are suitable for the seedlings to grow rapidly, mature at the time of maximum demand, and guarantee the earliest time of market. And timing.
4. Nursing
During the growth of tomato plants, the whole plant should be trimmed to promote healthy growth direction, and it is necessary to provide shelves to the plants. Because of its growth characteristics, this is a necessary nursing process to ensure plant growth.
Second, cultivation
1. Choosing high-quality seeds is the most important for the quality of tomato results in the future. We should choose high-quality seeds with strong drought resistance, strong disease resistance, high yield and good quality, such as: Dahong No.1, T-powder 86 tomato, Beijing powder queen or Some hybrid organic varieties.
2. Preparation for germination
The seeds should be disinfected before the seeds are germinated, which can better protect the seeds from the harm of the bacteria. The disinfection method can be carried out by soaking the seeds with warm soup, soaking the seeds with trisodium phosphate, etc. to ensure the safe germination of the seeds.
3. Germination
The sterilized seeds are washed and germinated at a temperature of 20-25 degrees Celsius, and the temperature and humidity are stabilized to ensure the success rate and quality of germination. When germination, always pay attention to the situation of germination, pay attention to tracking.
4. Planting
First prepare the seedbed suitable for planting seeds, then spread the germinated seeds evenly on the watered seedbed, the seedbed should be thoroughly poured, then cover the soil sprinkled with the nutrient solution, and finally cover the plastic film with temperature. , to ensure the seed emergence rate.
5. Seedlings
After the seedlings grow out, during the period when the seedlings emit two leaves, the seedlings are separated and seeded, and the optimal plant spacing is 10 cm, and then the water is covered with the soil to stabilize the seedlings. During this period, the supply of nutrients should be increased to ensure that the seedlings can survive in a new environment and ensure survival.
Third, the precautions of seedlings
Temperature is one of the most important things in the growth of seedlings, and the temperature of the seedlings is maintained according to the temperature difference between day and night temperatures. If the temperature is hot and cold, it will cause the seedlings to die. Unable to save [1].
The second factor for the healthy growth of seedlings is light. Daily seedlings must have sufficient sunlight for aerobic respiration, photosynthesis, and special attention should be paid to the cultivation of seedlings, sufficient to ensure the healthy growth of the seedlings.
Look at the soil moisture every day to ensure that the water needed for seedling growth is sufficient to maintain the normal growth rate of the seedlings. Do not over-dried, the seedlings of this period are very fragile, and the drought is enough to cause the seedlings to die.
The nutrients in the growing seedlings are regularly sprayed. The nutrient demand is the largest during this period. It is very important to ensure the nutrient demand of the seedlings. The lack of nutrients will lead to the pathological development of the plants and the short plants.
  Fourth, the management of the growing season
Slow seedling
For tomato plants that have just been seedlings, the plants will have a period of slow seedlings. This period is very important. It is necessary to maintain the environmental factors such as temperature, humidity and light of tomato plants. If it is a closed greenhouse, it must be 3 - 5 days closed without ventilation, which is beneficial to slow seedlings.
2. Environment
For colonized plants, environmental management should be more stringent. The average daily temperature should be 10-15 degrees Celsius, and the humidity should be guaranteed not to be dry. The light intensity is suitable to ensure that the plants can survive smoothly, and the nutrients are injected intermittently to ensure the survival rate [2].
3. Defense of pests and diseases
For growing tomato plants, the main diseases are root rot, gray mold, early blight, late blight and so on. Insect pests mainly include tsutsugamushi disease and whitefly. Due to the nature of the plant, defense is easy to treat, so it is necessary to defend against pests and diseases in advance to ensure the quality of tomato results.
4. Fertilization and weeding
For fast-growing tomato plants, the nutrients of the soil determine the yield and quality of the tomato fruit, so the fertilizer supply should be applied regularly. At the same time, other wild weeds that compete with the plants for sunlight should be removed in time to ensure the nutrition of the plants themselves.
5. Pollination and results
The situation of normal pollination can not be guaranteed due to external factors such as many environments. Therefore, artificial pollination or artificial release of bees should be used to help the plants successfully complete this process, and ensure that the plants complete the pollination process to ensure the yield and quality of the plants.
6. Trim
After the results of the tomato plants, the excess branches and fruits were trimmed, and 3-4 ears were retained per plant, and 3-4 fruits were retained for each ear. Pruning ensures the quality of the fruit, ensuring that the fruit is not small due to lack of nutrition and the taste is not good.
V. Conclusion
The nutritional value of tomatoes is destined for its market demand. In the environment of market demand, the cultivation of high-quality, high-quality and excellent varieties has become the main goal, and the cultivation technology of scientific tomatoes is particularly important. Thank you for reading, I hope to help you. More tomato planting technology is welcome to pay attention to the farmer's vegetable planting channel!
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