Malformation Cause
Variety differences are generally shallow dormancy, cold resistance, pollen and more robust varieties, such as Fengxiang, Chunxiang, Baozao early varieties of the formation of deformed fruit is less likely.
The optimal temperature for strawberry growth at room temperature is 20°C～25°C. The lowest temperature during flowering can not be lower than 5°C. Too low temperature can seriously affect the growth and pollination of strawberry, and it is prone to malformation.
Spraying during the flowering period The spraying of flowers can wash the stigma, especially when the flowers are opened on a daily basis. This not only affects the pollination, but also hinders or kills pollinated insects, leading to an increase in the malformation rate.
Light conditions Pollen formation begins approximately 2 weeks before flowering. If there is insufficient light and rainy weather during this period, the accumulation of starch required for pollen germination will be inhibited, and the pollen germination rate will be reduced, which is not conducive to fertilization.
Cultivation and management of strawberry flower bud differentiation period, if the fertilizer is insufficient or too much, the nitrogen level in the seedling is too low or too high, it will affect the quality of flower bud differentiation, and it is not conducive to normal pollination. Strawberry flower bud differentiation, flowering and fruit enlargement period, if the water is insufficient, it will cause poor flower development, pollination and fertilization is not perfect, fruit enlargement blocked, and easy to form deformed fruit.
Malformation prevention method
First of all, we must use varieties with strong flower bud affinity. The first is to use varieties with strong resistance, so that their flower bud differentiation can improve the pollination rate. The available varieties are Fengxiang, Lihong, Hani, etc.; the second is to mix these varieties with local varieties to reduce malformation.
Second, we must scientifically formulate fertilization. One should be based on basal fertilizer, supplemented by topdressing; Second, organic fertilizers should be combined with inorganic fertilizers, and in particular, appropriate phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be used. In basal fertilization, per hectare uses rotted farmyard manure 4000-5000 kilograms, with superphosphate 40-50 kilograms, potassium chloride 30-40 kilograms, or compound fertilizers with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of 45% 50-60 kg. After planting for 20 days or so, a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer was applied, 10 kg/mu, and then 2 to 3 times as appropriate. In order to increase the sweetness, Huimanfeng or Zhuangfuxing Active Liquid Fertilizer can be sprayed twice.
Third, regulate moisture and temperature. The use of plastic film insulation cultivation, first, do not easily soak the ground after flowering; Second, the use of furrow irrigation, with the irrigation with row; third is to open a large shed outside the ditch, lowering the water table; Fourth, timely opening waist window ventilation, Increase lighting and control the humidity in the shed no more than 50%. At the same time, pay attention to adjust the temperature, the minimum is not less than 5 °C, the maximum does not exceed 32 °C, during the day at 25 °C ~ 28 °C.
Fourth, do a good job of supporting measures. One is to put a bee in each half-acre shed to increase the probability of pollination; the second is to use high-efficiency and low-toxicity pesticides to prevent pests from flowering; third is to remove abnormally shaped young fruit in a timely manner; fourth is to constantly eliminate old ones. Leaves, ineffective axillary buds, improved light conditions for normal strawberry growth.
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