Dr. Yang: Hello!
My hometown is near the tourism development zone. There are many villagers in the village who are engaged in making farmhouses to make a fortune. I plan to go back to my hometown and get some special breeds to supply these restaurants. It is said that the supply of black bone chicken is in short supply. Some people have suggested that I breed black bone chicken. However, I do not understand farming techniques. Could you please introduce me to some related breeding techniques? Thank you!
Reader: Fang Lijun
Fang Lijun reader: Hello!
Silkie also known as black-bone chicken, chicken claws, silk chicken, bamboo silk chicken, etc., due to the original production of Taihe County, Jiangxi Province, it is also known as Taihe chicken. Silkie chicken is a traditional precious Chinese herbal medicine. It is famous both at home and abroad, and is internationally known as the "pearl in the pearl."
Chicken house construction
The broiler houses are generally selected for convenient transportation, flat roads, adequate water sources, and no noise sources and pollution sources around the house. There are many types of henhouses, and open-family or greenhouse sheds are usually selected for family farming. The open chicken house is 20-30 meters long, 6-9 meters wide and 4-5 meters high. It is made of brick. Two convection windows are reserved for each shed, leaving 1 door for every 2-3 rooms. In order to facilitate prevention and cleaning, the ground is made of cement.
The construction of greenhouses is similar to the construction of plastic greenhouses for vegetables. It is constructed with concrete rods and bamboo poles. Height 2.5-3.5 meters, covered with a double plastic film, some put in the straw between the double plastic film to enhance the ability to prevent cold and heat. The winter chicken house is surrounded by a plastic film, which is closed in summer for ventilation. Chicken facilities
In rural areas, chickens are often raised on the ground or raised on the ground. The ground level raising is generally 70-100 cm above the ground, and a chicken bed made of wood or bamboo pieces is constructed. Other facilities required for raising black-boned chickens include food troughs, water supply facilities, etc. Large-scale family farmers also need ventilation facilities, heating facilities, and light-supplying facilities.
Select varieties
At present, there are many types of silky chickens in China, and the main fine varieties are: Shiquan silk feather black bone chicken, Ba whole silk feather black bone chicken, Jiangxi white feather black bone chicken, Liyang black bone chicken, Yanjin black bone chicken , Xuefeng black-bone chicken, black-feather black chicken, black chicken and southern black feather chicken. The whitest silky black bone chicken is the largest and most widely distributed in the country. According to the local consumption habits, locals can choose suitable breeds for breeding.
Chicken Management
0-7 weeks old is the brooding period. Before the brooding, the brooding room should be completely disinfected, firstly use 3% coal tar saponification solution to disinfect walls, floors, etc., then use 10% lime milk to brush white, and finally use formalin (including 40% formaldehyde) per square meter. In ml, add 20 ml of water, heat and evaporate for fumigation, and seal for 1-2 days. Choose strong and strong young chicks and weed out diseased and underdeveloped weak chicks.
24-36 hours after hatching, drinking with warm water is started. There are two 45-liter tower-type drinking fountains per 100 chicks. In the first few drinking waters, 0.01% potassium permanganate can be added. After long-distance transportation, the chicks also need to add 5% glucose or sucrose to increase the energy of the chicks. After starting drinking, the chicks began to feed, and the chicks began to feed millet, broken rice, etc. that had been soaked in boiling water. After 2-3 days, the chicks began to feed the chicks with compound feed. When feeding, feed less frequently, feed 2-3 times on the first day, then feed 5-6 times on a daily basis, and gradually transition to 4 times a day after 6 weeks. The feeding time is relatively constant. While feeding compound feed, about 10% of green feed can be added to save cost.
The chicks are sensitive to temperature, and the indoor temperature during the early brooding season should be controlled at 22°C-24°C, near room temperature at 3 weeks of age, and the minimum room temperature should be kept at 18°C. The relative humidity in the brooding room is kept between 60% and 65%. Drying or over-wetting is not conducive to the growth of the chicks.
The breeding density of chicks differs depending on the size of the chicks and how they are reared. In the ground-raising period, 30 breeding animals per square metre were raised within 2 weeks of age, 25 breeding animals were raised per square metre at the age of 3-4 weeks, and 20 breeding animals were reared at 5-6 weeks of age per square metre. Chicks should be cut twice at 10 days and 12 weeks of age, respectively. In the whole process of feeding, we often do a good job of prevention and treatment of diseases, do a good job of daily epidemic prevention, and promptly inject various vaccines.
Commercial chicken breeding
8-9-week-old silkies are commercial chickens. The stocking density of commercial chickens is 10-12 per square meter under flat-raising conditions. Commercial chickens grow fast. The diet must have high energy, protein, vitamins, and minerals. When rations are used, local feed resources should be fully utilized, combined with natural stocking to reduce investment costs.
In order to speed up the growth of commercial chickens, the feed supply should be sufficient to allow them to feed freely. The black-bone chickens generally use dry powder feeds and are used with 10%-20% of green feed. In the breeding process, keep a quiet environment, timely observation of the chicken's reflection, do a good job of pest control, when the black bone chicken weight reached 1 kilogram or so will be sold in time. Layer Management
Silkies are generally egg-laying at 21-72 weeks of age. Egg laying ground rearing raises 5-6 eggs per square meter. Laying hens need more protein and calcium, the crude protein content is kept at 15%-17%, and the calcium content should be 3%-3.5%. During the production of eggs to maintain adequate light, light time to maintain about 16 hours, lack of light to artificial fill light.
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