In the off-season cultivation of mushrooms, mushroom malformation often occurs because the regulation of production conditions is not in place, which affects the quality and value of the mushroom product, which greatly reduces the production efficiency. The main performances of malformation mushrooms and their prevention and control measures are as follows: 1. Caps are small and thin: the performance of the caps is thin and small, even if the mushroom age is too long to grow, there is no special fragrance of mushrooms; It is not completed conversion, flower bag or white bag that is mushrooming; Second, the base material nutrition is obviously insufficient; Third, the growth temperature is high. Prevention methods: If there is no bacterial bag that has changed color, it is necessary to adjust the conditions to change the color. If the base material is insufficient in nutrients, it can be properly added when the bag is soaked, or “foliar fertilizer†can be adopted, such as spraying edible mushrooms. Three-dimensional nutrition essence can effectively thicken the thickness of the cap; in summer, the temperature is high and effective cooling measures should be taken. If “water cooling air conditioning†is adopted, the effect is better. 2. Cap Lampshade Shape: The cap shape of the cap is sharp and thin, and the quality of the product is seriously reduced. The main reason is the same as described above, and therefore, prevention and control can be performed with reference to the above. 3, wavy cap: the edge of the cap is a more regular wave shape, also significantly thinner and more brittle. When the wavy shape and the young mushroom's development stage receive a larger temperature difference, the humidity of the environment also changes greatly, especially when large water is directly sprayed on the cap of the mushroom. The cap tissue is not normally developed. The control method is to maintain a relatively gentle temperature and humidity after the occurrence of mushroom buds. In particular, when the summer season is cultivated, the temperature of the mushroom shed is often the basic condition for determining the normal development of the fruit body. 4. Pod cover is not correct: the specific performance for the three different twists and leaves, or narrow, long, or triangular, etc. In short, the main features are not round. The main reason for this was that the plastic film was not cut in time at the young bud stage, and it directly received a certain amount of friction on the plastic film, or there was a large number of buds, and there was no timely treatment of buds to wait until the young bud stage. After the caps differentiate, they are squeezed together. As long as the caps are squeezed when they are young, they will never be reshaped. Prevention: Cutting the membranes in time and performing bud treatment, generally only 1 or 2 young buds are selected. Do not use too much. 5, the hollow stipe: stipe slender, hollow, resulting in the cap is also very small, mainly due to the base material moisture content is too low and the space humidity is too small and other reasons. Prevention and control measures: After each tide is harvested, bubble bags should be treated. Generally, the bag can be restored after 24 hours of soaking, and the air humidity of the mushroom shed can be kept above 85%. 6, stipe grew out of the cracks: bacteria bag moisture content is too low, the base material cracking, the formation of a narrow crack, the fruiting body can grow from the crack, and some did not even drill out, cover Growing up in the gap will eventually fail to achieve its commodity value. The prevention method is to adhere to the bag soaking treatment so as not to form a crack. 7, stipe distortion: mushroom shed air humidity is low, strong light or light angle conversion over frequency, prone to this phenomenon. The prevention method is to maintain a relatively stable air humidity and maintain a relatively stable light. Generally, it is required that the scattered light of 1000 lux can be satisfied. 8. Candle mushroom: The characteristic of the candle mushroom is the bare stipe, which has no normal cap tissue and resembles a candle. The reason is that the first time is the damage of the cap structure at the bud stage, and the second is the high concentration of carbon dioxide in the greenhouse. Preventive measures: cut the membrane in time; be careful not to hurt and want to stay buds when budding; adhere to better ventilation, keep the shed fresh air conditions.
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