Small sprouts or small shoots are cut from the plant and placed in a test tube in a thermostatic chamber at 25°C. The seedlings of the plant can be obtained by a special feeding solution of the nutrient solution and a series of technical treatments. Today, this technology will play an important role in the rescue and protection of rare and endangered plants in the Three Gorges area. How can we solve the artificial cultivation bottleneck problem of some endangered and rare plants? In this regard, Dr. Zhao Bing, State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences believes that “using plant bioreactor technology to replace traditional tissue culture has become a trend.†“Bioreactor tissue culture and propagation†is a large scale plant The development and important components of the rapid propagation of tissue culture are the large-scale cultivation of bioreactors and the use of advanced automatic control technologies to artificially create the most suitable physical environment and nutritional conditions for the propagation and rapid growth of biological propagules. Thus, virus-free plant somatic embryos and adventitious buds can be quickly and massively produced, artificial seeds that are convenient for preservation and transportation, or directly differentiated into seedlings can be used for artificial planting. Since the 1990s, the United States, Canada and other countries have listed bioreactor rapid prototyping as an important technology for the development of forestry production, and have achieved remarkable results. For example, Canadian researchers conducted bioreactor production of somatic embryos of spruce. After 7 weeks of cultivation, 6300 cotyledonary somatic embryos per liter were obtained. The plant transformation rate was 92%, and the growth status was better than natural seedlings. Greatly reduce the cost of tissue culture; in the United States, bioreactors can produce 50,000 to 100,000 individual cell embryos per liter of N. sylvatica culture fluid in 6 weeks, and 20,000 per litre of ~ 80000 individual cell embryos. "China has now established a system for the regeneration of somatic embryos and adventitious buds of various plants such as celery, American ginseng, and Coptis chinensis, as well as the technological process for the production of artificial seeds. There are relatively many studies on suspension culture of plant cell bioreactors in China. However, in the bioreactor tissue culture rapid propagation, especially for somatic embryos, artificial seeds, seedlings, bulbs, etc. only a few units were studied." Zhao Bing said. According to him, the State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering of the Chinese Academy of Sciences conducted a number of research projects on tissue culture and rapid propagation of bioreactors. They have been used in the somatic embryogenesis of celery, the rapid propagation of miniature potato seedlings, and the large-scale propagation of gladiolus bulbs. A systematic study has been conducted on the cultivation, somatic embryogenesis of salt-tolerant reeds, rapid propagation of seedlings, rapid propagation of maca seedlings, etc. The number of propagules per liter of the reactor has also reached several thousand, with good synchronization and somatic embryos. With the advantages of high frequency of plants and plants, and some bioreactor tissue culture rapid propagation seedlings have achieved large-scale artificial planting. “The rapid propagation of tissue culture is an effective way to solve the bottleneck problem of some currently endangered and rare plants.†Zhao Bing said. According to him, the rapid propagation of rare and endangered plants, also known as plant "clones," is based on the pluripotency of plant cells, which means that each plant cell can be cultured as an intact plant in vitro just like embryonic cells. The researchers took small pieces of shoots from the plants, or intercepted a small shoot, put them into a test tube in a constant-temperature room at 25°C, fed them with a special nutrient solution prepared by technicians and a series of technical treatments. The effect of plant tissue culture is achieved so that young seedlings of the plant are obtained. Usually about two months can be cultivated rooted seedlings. The number of plants cultivated by this "cloning" technique is not only more than 50 times higher than conventional propagation methods, but also has a higher survival rate. According to statistics, there are more than 50 species of plants such as the national key protected plants, the national first- and second-level protected plant Davidia involucrata, and the Chinese wolfberry cedar, which are unique to the Three Gorges reservoir area, such as the lotus leaf fern, vegetable blossom branch, and chuanming ginseng. All or part of it is submerged. Rescue of rare and endangered plants is imminent. Therefore, tissue culture and rapid propagation technology will play an important role in the rescue and protection of rare and endangered plants in the Three Gorges area. It is learned that the "clone" projects of rare and endangered plants such as Davidia involucrata, Taiwania flousiana, and Manglietia are involved in substantive breeding work.
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