Banana root knot nematode disease is one of the important diseases of bananas. In recent years, with the rapid development of industrial production of banana tissue culture seedlings, the area under cultivation of bananas has continued to expand, and the multiple cropping index has continued to increase. The nursery bag has become a diseased seedling in the greenhouse, and the seedling stage has become sick early. The damage is severe. Into Daejeon, the incidence of banana root-knot nematode disease generally occurs, the incidence rate is generally 20% to 30%, serious to more than 60%, reduce production by 40% to 60%; the incidence of seedling stage will seriously affect the production rate, causing serious banana production Threatened. 1 Symptoms Banana root knot nematodes mainly damage banana roots. The nodules (root knots) of different sizes were formed on the fine roots, and they bulged at the ends of the thick roots in the form of drumsticks or long curved ones. The fibrous roots were small, dark brown, and the epidermis rotted severely. When the roots were cut, white, brown pear-shaped females and glial oocysts filled with egg granules were detected. Giant cells were formed at the affected site, and a large number of tissues in the phloem were necrotic. The xylem was particularly swollen and the catheter was blocked. The initial symptoms of the aboveground parts are not obvious, and they are generally yellow. The plants are dwarf and lack water and fertilizer. In the late stage, the leaves are yellow and withered, the buds are difficult to grow, the fruits are thin, and the plants are prematurely decayed. 2 Pathogens and host banana root knot nematode diseases are caused by multiple nematode parasites of the root-knot nematode genus. Among them, the southern root-knot nematode and the Javanica root-knot nematode are dominant populations and are distributed in each banana growing area. The host range of banana root-knot nematodes is very broad. In addition to bananas, it also infects citrus, watermelon, cucumber, eggplant, tomato and celery and other crops. 3 Onset of infection cycle. The root-knot nematodes of banana mainly overwinter in soil and diseased roots with eggs, 2nd instar larvae, and females. They infect the banana roots with 2nd instar larvae and parasitize between the root cortex and the middle column, stimulating excessive cell growth and division, resulting in roots. Form root knots of varying sizes. The larvae develop into 3rd and 4th instar larvae and female and male adults in the roots. The mature females lay the eggs in the glial oocysts that are exposed to the roots. The oocysts are broken by water and the eggs are scattered into the soil. Infection source. Diseased seedlings and diseased soils are the main ways of long-distance transmission. Water flow is an important medium for close-distance communication. Diseased fertilizers, farm implements, and human and animal activities are also elements of disease transmission. Incidence conditions. The occurrence of banana root-knot nematode disease is closely related to soil texture, temperature, humidity, previous cropping, banana growing period, and cultivation management. Sandy soil is generally heavier than clayey soil; temperature is 25～30°C and soil humidity is 40%～60%; disease is heavy; previous crops are tomato, cucumber, watermelon and other disease-causing crops. The former crop is rice and corn. Light; banana seedlings have heavy onset and mild disease at adult stage; extensive orchard management, poor plant resistance to disease, and heavy onset. 4 Prevention measures 4.1 Cultivating disease-free seedlings is a key link in the prevention and control of banana root knot nematode diseases. After industrial production of banana tissue culture seedlings, greenhouses need to be nursed in bags to transplant seedlings. Fields can be transplanted, and disease-free soil, dried soil or nematodes can be used. Disinfectant soil bagging seedlings can reduce the incidence of seedlings and prevent the spread of disease to the field. 4.2 Rotation of cropping and drying soil and paddy rice can effectively reduce the number of nematode bases in soil. When growing bananas, plowing the soil one or two months in advance, turning the soil containing nematode soil to the surface, drying in the sun, killing nematodes in large numbers, and reducing the incidence. 4.3 Strengthen field management to timely remove the diseased roots and reduce the source of insects; increase organic fertilizer and reasonable irrigation, promote new root growth, and enhance plant resistance to diseases and disease resistance. 4.4 Chemical Control The timely application of nematicides is an effective method to control banana root knot nematodes. Can be used 3% Milur granules 45 ~ 60kg / ha or 10% Yishubao granules 45 ~ 60kg / ha, etc., mix soil application, ditch application or acupuncture points. 4.5 Mixed plant species such as marigold, alfalfa, etc. in the plantation can effectively reduce the population of root-knot nematodes. (Author: Cai Jian and Liu Zhiming Qinbi Xia Zhu Guining Unit: Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences Plant Protection Research Institute)
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