1. Overview of agricultural machinery development in Tianjin With the continuous development of agricultural mechanization in our city, the number and types of agricultural machinery are increasing year by year. By the year 2000, the level of comprehensive mechanization of agriculture in Tianjin reached 62% (37.7% of the country). Among them, the level of farming reached 81.59% (47.75% of the country), the aircraft sowing rate reached 48.27% (25.75% of the country), and the machine harvested level reached 28.55% (18.26% of the country). Among the three major food crops in Tianjin, wheat production basically achieved full mechanization; in 2000, the harvested wheat reached 90.66%, of which the combined harvester level was 79.34%. The level of agricultural mechanization ranks first in the country.
2. The detection of agricultural machinery safety technology is an inevitable requirement for the safe operation of agricultural machinery. The technical state of agricultural machinery has a direct impact on the operation quality, energy consumption, personal and property safety, and environmental protection of agricultural machinery. Over the years, the city's supervision and testing of self-propelled agricultural machinery such as tractors, agricultural transport vehicles, and combine harvesters have only depended on “seeing, hearing, and touching†plus experience, and lack of scientific methods and means. It is difficult to guarantee agricultural machinery. Operating safety technical conditions, major agricultural accidents occur from time to time. For example: In July 1999, the city’s West Green pilot drove the T5-55 tractor, and due to a malfunction of the locomotive, it collided with the other large truck and turned into a roadside ditch, killing 4 people on the spot and injuring 2 people on the spot. Accident; In June 2001, the city’s Toray driver drove to a large extent. Due to poor braking performance, he collided with a Mitsubishi car at the airport road, resulting in five people injured, three peak vehicles scrapped, and a major agricultural machinery with an economic loss of 100,000 yuan. ACCIDENT. According to the "China Agricultural Safety News" January 1, 2001: 2000 at about 6:40 on December 7 last year, Gansu Province, Jingan County, Daan Township Ma Liancun peasants Cui Xiuyu driving three-wheeled agricultural vehicles without a license, contained The five passengers went to Lanshi Farm to cut trees. Due to poor lighting, there was no timely discovery of a pile of stone on the road, coupled with excessive speed, resulting in two deaths, one serious injury, and three other minor injuries. The lesson of blood tells us that the safe operating conditions of locomotives can not be ignored, and the detection of agricultural machinery safety technology must be strengthened.
The use of modern science and technology to accurately detect the state of agricultural machinery, supervise the owners of agricultural machinery to maintain and maintain agricultural machinery, improve the intact rate of agricultural machinery, and has particularly important significance for saving energy and ensuring the safety of life and property of people in urban and rural areas.
3. The agricultural machinery safety supervision in agricultural machinery safety technology testing is an agricultural machinery administrative law enforcement department in all levels of the city's government. In addition to doing a good job of self-construction, basic supervision equipment should be gradually installed to ensure the safety of agricultural machinery production and management needs. Law enforcement is fair. In 2001, the Ministry of Agriculture Agricultural Machinery Development [2001] No. 5 “Notification on Strengthening Supervision of Agricultural Machinery Safety†pointed out: Strengthen the construction of agricultural machinery supervision equipment. All localities are required to actively seek the support of relevant local authorities, and they are equipped with technical equipment such as transportation, communications, safety technology testing, agricultural accident investigation and processing, computer-aided management, etc., to constantly improve means of supervision of agricultural machinery and improve scientific management.
At present, the information age has entered the era of detection of locomotives by the eyes of the people, hand touch the working method has long been not adapted to the needs of modern management, must adopt scientific methods to detect agricultural machinery, ensure the safety of agricultural machinery and technical conditions, the safety of agricultural machinery Supervision work is more formalized and scientific. The necessary equipment and functions of agricultural machinery safety technology testing are introduced as follows:
3.1 The power consumption meter uses an intelligent electronic fuel consumption meter to measure power, fuel consumption, idle speed, and rated speed. A comprehensive evaluation of the power sector of agricultural machinery provides a scientific basis for the maintenance and repair of agricultural machinery.
3.2 Plate detection system The braking system of self-propelled agricultural machinery, such as tractors, agricultural vehicles, and combine harvesters, plays an important role in the safe operation process. It is unscientific to detect it if it is used to measure the brake marks. We can use a new type of panel inspection equipment to measure axle load, side slip, braking force and coordination time and drag resistance of self-propelled agricultural machinery, and perform a comprehensive and quantitative measurement of its braking performance, and can Comprehensive assessment of whether the agricultural machinery meets the technical safety conditions.
3.3 Exhaust gas detection Exhaust gas emissions from agricultural machinery refer to the exhaust gas emitted from the work of tractors, diesel engines and gasoline engines. The components are mainly carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, carbon oxides and soot, which seriously affect people's breathing and endanger people's body. health. The use of exhaust gas detectors to determine the smoke value of agricultural machinery emissions, control the emission of harmful gases, protect people's health, and help environmental protection.
3.4 Lighting The light of the self-propelled agricultural machinery is the basic guarantee for its night-time operation and road safety. The use of light detection equipment, detection of light illumination and position deviation and other parameters, according to the parameters to adjust, so that the lights of agricultural machinery meet the requirements of the night operation, ensure the safe operation of agricultural machinery.
3.5 Noise Meter The noise of agricultural machinery mainly refers to the noise emitted during the work of tractors, agricultural transport machines, and agricultural and sideline products processing machinery. It directly affects people's normal work, study and rest, and endangers people's physical and mental health. In particular, agricultural machinery operators are prone to irritability and fatigue and induce farm machinery accidents. Therefore, noise detectors must be used to detect the noise of agricultural machinery, control the noise of agricultural machinery, and prevent the occurrence of agricultural machinery accidents.
4. The agricultural machinery movement detection line combines the above-mentioned detection equipment with a computer to form a farm machine inspection line. If the farm machinery inspection line is fixed as the vehicle inspection line, it will not be applicable to agricultural machinery safety technology testing. Because agricultural machinery is different from automobiles, agricultural machinery is scattered in various parts of rural areas, such as centralized inspection, which will cause a great burden on farmers, and will easily delay agricultural time. The phenomenon of missed inspection of agricultural machinery will be serious. If it is possible to move the vehicle-mounted detection equipment and build agricultural machinery movement detection lines to townships and even villages for agricultural machinery safety technology testing, it not only ensures the inspection rate of agricultural machinery, but also reduces the burden on farmers and achieves the purpose of agricultural machinery safety operations.
The inspection of agricultural machinery safety technology is mainly to check whether the safety facilities and components of agricultural machinery meet the safety technical standards (such as axle load, power consumption, side slip, braking force, lighting, tail gas, noise, etc.). By means of safety technology testing, the purpose of improving the intact rate of locomotives, ensuring the safe production of agricultural machinery, strengthening environmental protection, and preventing the occurrence of accidents has been achieved.
2. The detection of agricultural machinery safety technology is an inevitable requirement for the safe operation of agricultural machinery. The technical state of agricultural machinery has a direct impact on the operation quality, energy consumption, personal and property safety, and environmental protection of agricultural machinery. Over the years, the city's supervision and testing of self-propelled agricultural machinery such as tractors, agricultural transport vehicles, and combine harvesters have only depended on “seeing, hearing, and touching†plus experience, and lack of scientific methods and means. It is difficult to guarantee agricultural machinery. Operating safety technical conditions, major agricultural accidents occur from time to time. For example: In July 1999, the city’s West Green pilot drove the T5-55 tractor, and due to a malfunction of the locomotive, it collided with the other large truck and turned into a roadside ditch, killing 4 people on the spot and injuring 2 people on the spot. Accident; In June 2001, the city’s Toray driver drove to a large extent. Due to poor braking performance, he collided with a Mitsubishi car at the airport road, resulting in five people injured, three peak vehicles scrapped, and a major agricultural machinery with an economic loss of 100,000 yuan. ACCIDENT. According to the "China Agricultural Safety News" January 1, 2001: 2000 at about 6:40 on December 7 last year, Gansu Province, Jingan County, Daan Township Ma Liancun peasants Cui Xiuyu driving three-wheeled agricultural vehicles without a license, contained The five passengers went to Lanshi Farm to cut trees. Due to poor lighting, there was no timely discovery of a pile of stone on the road, coupled with excessive speed, resulting in two deaths, one serious injury, and three other minor injuries. The lesson of blood tells us that the safe operating conditions of locomotives can not be ignored, and the detection of agricultural machinery safety technology must be strengthened.
The use of modern science and technology to accurately detect the state of agricultural machinery, supervise the owners of agricultural machinery to maintain and maintain agricultural machinery, improve the intact rate of agricultural machinery, and has particularly important significance for saving energy and ensuring the safety of life and property of people in urban and rural areas.
3. The agricultural machinery safety supervision in agricultural machinery safety technology testing is an agricultural machinery administrative law enforcement department in all levels of the city's government. In addition to doing a good job of self-construction, basic supervision equipment should be gradually installed to ensure the safety of agricultural machinery production and management needs. Law enforcement is fair. In 2001, the Ministry of Agriculture Agricultural Machinery Development [2001] No. 5 “Notification on Strengthening Supervision of Agricultural Machinery Safety†pointed out: Strengthen the construction of agricultural machinery supervision equipment. All localities are required to actively seek the support of relevant local authorities, and they are equipped with technical equipment such as transportation, communications, safety technology testing, agricultural accident investigation and processing, computer-aided management, etc., to constantly improve means of supervision of agricultural machinery and improve scientific management.
At present, the information age has entered the era of detection of locomotives by the eyes of the people, hand touch the working method has long been not adapted to the needs of modern management, must adopt scientific methods to detect agricultural machinery, ensure the safety of agricultural machinery and technical conditions, the safety of agricultural machinery Supervision work is more formalized and scientific. The necessary equipment and functions of agricultural machinery safety technology testing are introduced as follows:
3.1 The power consumption meter uses an intelligent electronic fuel consumption meter to measure power, fuel consumption, idle speed, and rated speed. A comprehensive evaluation of the power sector of agricultural machinery provides a scientific basis for the maintenance and repair of agricultural machinery.
3.2 Plate detection system The braking system of self-propelled agricultural machinery, such as tractors, agricultural vehicles, and combine harvesters, plays an important role in the safe operation process. It is unscientific to detect it if it is used to measure the brake marks. We can use a new type of panel inspection equipment to measure axle load, side slip, braking force and coordination time and drag resistance of self-propelled agricultural machinery, and perform a comprehensive and quantitative measurement of its braking performance, and can Comprehensive assessment of whether the agricultural machinery meets the technical safety conditions.
3.3 Exhaust gas detection Exhaust gas emissions from agricultural machinery refer to the exhaust gas emitted from the work of tractors, diesel engines and gasoline engines. The components are mainly carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, carbon oxides and soot, which seriously affect people's breathing and endanger people's body. health. The use of exhaust gas detectors to determine the smoke value of agricultural machinery emissions, control the emission of harmful gases, protect people's health, and help environmental protection.
3.4 Lighting The light of the self-propelled agricultural machinery is the basic guarantee for its night-time operation and road safety. The use of light detection equipment, detection of light illumination and position deviation and other parameters, according to the parameters to adjust, so that the lights of agricultural machinery meet the requirements of the night operation, ensure the safe operation of agricultural machinery.
3.5 Noise Meter The noise of agricultural machinery mainly refers to the noise emitted during the work of tractors, agricultural transport machines, and agricultural and sideline products processing machinery. It directly affects people's normal work, study and rest, and endangers people's physical and mental health. In particular, agricultural machinery operators are prone to irritability and fatigue and induce farm machinery accidents. Therefore, noise detectors must be used to detect the noise of agricultural machinery, control the noise of agricultural machinery, and prevent the occurrence of agricultural machinery accidents.
4. The agricultural machinery movement detection line combines the above-mentioned detection equipment with a computer to form a farm machine inspection line. If the farm machinery inspection line is fixed as the vehicle inspection line, it will not be applicable to agricultural machinery safety technology testing. Because agricultural machinery is different from automobiles, agricultural machinery is scattered in various parts of rural areas, such as centralized inspection, which will cause a great burden on farmers, and will easily delay agricultural time. The phenomenon of missed inspection of agricultural machinery will be serious. If it is possible to move the vehicle-mounted detection equipment and build agricultural machinery movement detection lines to townships and even villages for agricultural machinery safety technology testing, it not only ensures the inspection rate of agricultural machinery, but also reduces the burden on farmers and achieves the purpose of agricultural machinery safety operations.
The inspection of agricultural machinery safety technology is mainly to check whether the safety facilities and components of agricultural machinery meet the safety technical standards (such as axle load, power consumption, side slip, braking force, lighting, tail gas, noise, etc.). By means of safety technology testing, the purpose of improving the intact rate of locomotives, ensuring the safe production of agricultural machinery, strengthening environmental protection, and preventing the occurrence of accidents has been achieved.
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