Release date: 2017-02-15
Research teams at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Georgia Institute of Technology, and the University of Florida have found a new way to use DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) sequences as "barcodes" to quickly determine where different nanoparticles are in the body and help The precise localization of gene-targeted therapies in vivo. Related papers were published in the recently published Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Scientists have been seeking to treat diseases by opening or closing genes by DNA or RNA (ribonucleic acid) delivery, and have developed nanoparticles composed of lipid molecules as carriers to deliver genetic material to specific destinations. However, because the liver is responsible for filtering blood, causing many nanoparticles to accumulate in the liver, how to target these nanoparticles to different target organs has become an urgent problem to be solved.
In the past, in order to screen for promising nanoparticles, it is usually necessary to change the size of the nanoparticles and their chemical composition to construct thousands of nanoparticles; then place them on a specific type of cells and culture them in a culture dish; Observe whether these nanoparticles can enter the cell and use the nanoparticles with better experimental results for animal testing. The whole process is very slow.
To solve this problem, the researchers added a DNA sequence "barcode" composed of nucleotides to various nanoparticles . They screened 30 different lipid nanoparticles, each labeled with a 30-nucleotide DNA "barcode". After injecting these nanoparticles into the animal, by searching for the DNA "barcode", you can see where the nanoparticles eventually reach.
In addition to the liver and lungs, researchers now recognize nanoparticles that target the heart, brain, uterus, muscles, kidneys, and pancreas. They also further tested liver-targeted nanoparticles and found that they can successfully deliver short-chain RNA to blood clotting factors and shut down the gene.
Because the new method can determine the position of the nanoparticles, scientists can use the relevant information to develop specific nanoparticle carriers. This method can find potential nanoparticles faster, and can also be used to test other types of nanoparticles composed of polymers.
Source: Technology Daily
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