Three-word classics for hybrid rice seed production
Source: Seed Technology Category: Technical Articles Update Time: 2008-11-25 9:09:57 Read 16 times
Huang Siqi Fu Chenghua He Qiaosheng (Luzhou City Bureau of Agriculture Anren County Agriculture Bureau)
The author engaged in the production of hybrid rice for many years and summed up the "three-character (word) classics" of hybrid rice seed production techniques in his work practice. Now introduced to readers.
1 Seed germination and troubleshooting techniques for a dip and two hot coal ash
1.1 Advantages and Application Effects
The law is an improvement over the traditional method of coal ash seed dressing. By means of leaching, ie, soaking, soaking, seedlings are prevented from bastard disease, and the hot seeds of hot bath are mixed with hot and humid coal ash, ie, two hot. In the germination, seed water absorption is slow, which is conducive to the establishment of complete cell membrane structure and the completion of cell component repair, and creates a suitable temperature and humidity, adequate oxygen environment, plus the separation effect of coal ash on good waste seeds. Regardless of the new species, no matter whether it is a good seed or a bud seed, the germinating effect is obtained after germination, and the roots are thick and strong, and the rate of pod formation is increased.
1.2 germination technical points
The first is panning and disinfection. Washing with clear water can remove some of the seed pathogens and toxic substances, and use 0.2% strong chlorine liquid to soak seeds for 10 hours.
The second is to increase seed dressing coal ash and humidity. General coal ash, water, species = 1.2:0.5:1 ratio.
The third is standard operation. The dry coal ash is crushed and sifted. The hot and humid coal ash is mixed with 80 to 100°C hot water, and then the disinfected seeds are washed and hot-filtered. The hot and wet coal ash and heat are mixed while hot, and the humidity is 35-38°C. , And keep warm (30 °C) and moisturize, until most of the seeds are broken and mixed with germination. When using conventional methods to germinate the seeds in case of high-temperature burning or germination of the moldy escarpating shell, the hot and humid coal ash can be mixed in after the panning, and the earlier the handshaking effect is better.
2 "Three phases" (flowering period, sowing date, sowing difference period) Arrange technology
2.1 Choose to arrange flowering
It is advisable to select a time period with a relatively high meteorological safety factor in combination with the agricultural season. The required temperature is 26 to 30°C, high temperature 21°C, relative humidity 80% to 90%, breeze, little rain or no continuous rainy weather for 3 days. In Wuzhou, the early-maturing planting arrangements are scheduled on June 25, and the mature and late-maturing varieties will be arranged around July 5 and July 15 respectively. The summer and the second season will be arranged in mid-August.
2.2 Introversion of the seeding period of the first broadcast parent
Based on the seedling initiation and flowering period and the parental broadcast duration, the planting dates for early, middle and late-maturing parents were estimated to be around April 15th, March 25th and March 20th, respectively. The early, late and late ripening sowing time for summer planting is around late April and early May.
2.3 Reasonable determination of the broadcast difference period lays the foundation for the flowering period to meet
The parental seeding difference period is based on the leaf difference, and the time difference is determined to be large, and the temperature difference is used as a reference. When the leaves reach a slight time, it is time to wait for the leaves. In the case of the male parent, the female parent is the time difference of 2 to 3 days for the new species of Hainan, and the leaf difference is 0.3 to 0.5 leaves; the female parent is the species of the other year, the time difference is 2 to 3 days, and the leaf difference is 0.3 to 0.5 pieces. leaf. 3 Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium "Three Elements" Collocation and Fertilization Technique in Hybrid Farming
3.1 Fertilization Principles and Proportions
Base fertilizer is the main fertilizer, accounting for about 70% of the total fertilizing amount; supplementing the top dressing, which accounts for about 20% of the total fertilizing amount; skillful panicle fertilizer, accounting for about 10% of the total application amount; nitrogen-rich P, K, P, K, backup. According to 200 kg of per mu seed, 11 kg of pure nitrogen, 6 kg of phosphorus pentoxide and 9 kg of potassium oxide are required, ie, N:P2O5:K=2:1:1.5.
3.2 fertilization method
The base fertilizer is applied per acre with deep farm fertilizer 500-1000kg, compound fertilizer 35kg or superphosphate 35kg plus ammonium bicarbonate 35kg. Dressing: The father applies partial urea 3 ~ 5 kg or ammonium bicarbonate 7 ~ 10kg, female urea 5 ~ 7kg, potassium 4 ~ 5 kg. Panicle fertilizer: urea 3 ~ 5 kg, potassium 2 ~ 3 kg. Note: If no potassium fertilizer is applied for a long time, the stalks will be soft and the seed setting rate will be reduced and the seeds will be less full. In addition, the promotion of soil testing and formula fertilization, temporarily unqualified areas, superior fertility fields by the total amount of the above-mentioned reduction of 20% of the application is appropriate.
Cypermethrin
It is a synthetic pyrethroid used as an insecticide in large-scale commercial agricultural applications as well as in consumer products for domestic purposes. It behaves as a fast-acting neurotoxin in insects. It is easily degraded on soil and plants but can be effective for weeks when applied to indoor inert surfaces. Exposure to sunlight, water and oxygen will accelerate its decomposition. Cypermethrin is highly toxic to fish, bees and aquatic insects, according to the National Pesticides Telecommunications Network (NPTN). It is found in many household ant and cockroach killers, including Raid and ant chalk.
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