Green peppers are particularly vulnerable to diseases and pests during the fruiting stage due to high temperatures and frequent rainfall. These conditions create an ideal environment for the development of various pathogens and insect infestations. Common issues include fungal infections like anthracnose, root rot, gray mold, and viral diseases, as well as pests such as tobacco budworms, Spodoptera litura, and aphids. To minimize damage and maintain high-quality produce, it's essential to implement an effective and safe pest and disease management strategy.
The key principle in managing these challenges is prevention. As the plants enter the fruit-setting phase, focus should be placed on early detection and proactive measures. Gray mold and anthracnose are especially common, so regular monitoring and timely intervention are crucial. For viral diseases, controlling vector insects like aphids and whiteflies is vital. Insect control should target the first or second instar larvae, as this is when they are most susceptible.
When applying treatments, it’s important to use a combination of products carefully—no more than three types at a time—and follow recommended dosages. Spraying should be done in the early morning or late afternoon to avoid heat stress and maximize effectiveness. This helps ensure that the pesticides work optimally without harming the plants.
For disease prevention, a 600-times dilution of chlorothalonil can be used every 15 days to manage gray mold and other fungal issues. Controlling irrigation is also important—water sparingly and avoid overwatering. For anthracnose, a 1500-times dilution of Shigao or Jin Lei Duomi (600 times) can be applied. Kelu at 800 times is another effective option. Root rot and blight can be controlled with Jin Lei Dormyr through soil drenching.
To prevent viral diseases, controlling aphids and whiteflies is essential. Products like Aketai or imidacloprid can be used for this purpose. In the early stages of viral infection, sprays like Plant Disease or Quick Retreat Virus can help reduce symptoms. Additionally, using Amisidae at 1500 times can effectively control most fungal diseases, boost yield, and improve fruit quality while promoting overall plant health.
For pests like Spodoptera litura and tobacco budworm, early application of insecticides such as azinphos-methyl or methomyl before the larvae reach the adult stage is highly effective. Regular scouting and timely treatment are essential to keep infestations under control and protect the crop from significant losses.
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