Three to four days before sowing soybeans, apply 50% acetochlor EC at a rate of 100-150 ml per mu, mixed with 30-40 kg of water for pre-emergence soil treatment. If weeds are already present in the field, you can add 20% glyphosate at 100 ml per mu. If the soybean plants have already emerged, it's too late for soil treatment, so consider using 10% chlorfenac EC at 60-75 ml per mu, or 15% fluroxypyr EC at 60-75 ml per mu, or 12.5% quizalofop-ethyl EC at 60-75 ml per mu, all mixed with 40-50 kg of water for foliar application. For mixed infestations of monocot and dicot weeds, choose one of the above herbicides and mix with 40% pendimethalin at 80-100 ml per mu, or 25% metribuzin at 80-100 ml per mu for better control.
In the early seedling stage, studies show that early-determined seedlings can produce 8-17% more yield compared to late-determined ones. To avoid issues like thin or tall seedlings, closely monitor the crop when it has three leaves and one heart. Adjust planting density based on variety and soil fertility. For medium to high fertility varieties like Yudou No. 22, No. 25, and No. 16 Liu Miao, maintain a density of 10,000-12,000 plants per mu. For medium fertility areas, aim for 12,500-13,500 plants per mu. In dry or poor soil, for early-maturing varieties such as Yudou No. 20, No. 23, and No. 15 Liu Miao, increase the density to 14,000-16,000 plants per mu.
During the early flowering stage, if the plants appear weak, with small, thin, yellow, or light green leaves, apply a top-dressing of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer at 10-20 kg per mu. Using diammonium phosphate through furrow application can help improve growth and reduce calyx loss. If the plants are overly tall and dense, spray paclobutrazol at 150 mg/kg or 200 mg/kg during early flowering to control plant height, limit internode elongation, and slow down vegetative growth.
The ideal condition for early soybean growth includes a vibrant green leaf color, thick and healthy leaves, a well-developed root system, high dry matter accumulation, and strong overall plant vigor. These characteristics indicate good health and potential for higher yields.
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