Green shrimp ponds, cages, paddy field scale breeding and large surface water propagation require a large number of high-quality shrimps. Therefore, artificial shrimp breeding under artificial control conditions is of great significance in production. Over the past few years, the author has conducted in-depth research on broodstock breeding, breeding, and seedling raising of young shrimps, simultaneously carried out demonstration and promotion of comparative scale, and achieved satisfactory results and economic benefits. The technology is summarized as follows.
I. Preparation for breeding ponds
1. Breed pond conditions. The area of ​​the breeding pond for shrimps is 0.2 hectares - 0.3 hectares, the depth is 1.0m - 1.2m, and the pond slope ratio is 2.5 - 3.0:1, set at the outlet Set shrimp pond 20 square meters - 30 square meters. Breeding ponds should be selected from areas with sufficient water, fresh water, no pollution, and convenient drainage and irrigation.
2. Breeding pond clearing. One month before breeding, shrimp ponds were trimmed, reconstructed, and exposed in dry ponds. During the first 15 days of feeding eggs and broodstock, the ponds were first filled with water about 10 cm, and the ponds were disinfected with quicklime at 200 kg/mu. Five days after clear ponds. - Start water in -7 days, the water level is about 80cm, and the water inlet and outlet are filtered with a double layer of 80 mesh - 100 mesh sieve to prevent wild fish, frog eggs and other predator organisms from entering the breeding pool.
Second, the cultivation of food organisms
The abundance of food organisms is a key factor in the survival rate of brood larvae. The abundant food organisms provide ideal open bait for the development of the larvae of the prawn. Its nutritive value is more comprehensive than that of artificial feed, and can reduce pond sediments. Pollution, keep the water fresh, therefore, in the first 5 days - 7 days after stocking broodstock, breeding ponds should be applied after the fermentation of organic fertilizer 300kg / acre - 500kg / acre.
Third, the selection and breeding of broodstock
1. The choice of broodstock. Green-crawling broodstock broodstock is generally caught in large water surfaces such as lakes, reservoirs, ditches, and ponds in mid-to late May. Select lively females with complete limbs, body lengths up to 5 cm, and mature or nearly mature female ovaries as broodstocks. Ovary volume covers almost the entire back, the front end reaches the base of the forehead, and the egg's color is green or orange (if The color of the egg is gray-brown and appears eye spots, indicating that the egg has hatched and is easily detached from the mother, which is inconvenient for transportation and operation). The amount of stock for broodstock brooding is 8kg/mu -10kg/mu.
2. The breeding of shrimp. Practice has proved that the cultivation of brooding broodstock and zoea larvae is better performed with a small area of ​​intensive cultivation. The specific operation method is to use a 0.5cm mesh, 1.2m high polyethylene mesh, mesh The bottom edge is buried in the mud and compacted, enclosing it in the corner of the pond, covering an area of ​​50 m2 - 60 m2. Water plants such as water hyacinths, water peanuts and other fresh aquatic plants are placed along the perimeter of the fence, occupying the fence. From 20% to 30% of the surface of the water, brooding broodstock is placed in a fence to be cultivated. After the broodstock is released, check the development of the shrimp eggs every day. After the juvenile larvae are all detached from the mother, use lobster cages and other fishing tools to remove the prawn from the market. At this time, press 150kg/mu--200kg/mu in the cultivation pond. Apply fermented organic fertilizer and continue to cultivate the bait's food organisms.
The wavy larvae in the seine nets are bred with cooked fish broth and egg yolks. The broth and egg yolks are sputtered after being filtered through 60 mesh-80 mesh sieves. Four times a day, 10,000 shrimp per 10,000 shrimps are fresh fish. And 2 egg yolks are fed. The larvae have been intensively cultivated for a week, and their body length has reached about 0.5cm. The segregation nets can be gently removed for seedling cultivation. The seedlings were changed to fish and egg yolk as soybean milk in the early stage of cultivation. Each day, 3 kg of soybeans were used to grind the soybean milk into 3 batches of feed. After 15 days of cultivation, the length of the shrimp seedlings was about 1 cm, except for the daily soymilk feed. Increase the feeding rate of feeds and feeds. The feed volume accounts for about 5% of the body weight of the shrimps. It is fed twice a day. The amount of feed in the morning accounts for 20% of the total amount of feed, and the amount of feed in the afternoon accounts for 80%, along the pool. The shallow water area is fed at multiple points.
IV. Water Quality Management
Water quality management of shrimp breeding is mainly to ensure that there are abundant food organisms, sufficient dissolved oxygen, and appropriate pH. It takes 35 days to 40 days for larvae to grow to 1.5cm--2.0cm in length. The stocking densities during seedling cultivation are large and the water quality is variable. Water quality, transparency and the eating and feeding of shrimps should be used to adjust the water quality in time. , strengthen the scientific management of water quality.
1. Timely and appropriate fertilization and water injection and drainage. While controlling the pond water body fatness, it is also necessary to meet the growth needs of shrimp feeding on natural food organisms. Under normal circumstances, the shrimp nursery ponds are fertilized 2 times - 3 times a month, and 150 kg of organic fertilizer is applied each time. 200kg, and timely drainage according to the transparency of the pool water. The water depth of the pond during the post-cultivation period of the penaeid shrimp needs to be added between 1.0m and 1.2m to ensure that the penaeid shrimp grows in a good environment.
2. Adjust the pH of the water body. Green shrimp live in a slightly alkaline water body. With the input of artificial diet and organic fertilizer, the pH of the water body slowly decreases. The pH of the water body should be tested once a week.
V. Shrimp fishing
When the young shrimp body length is 1.5cm--2.0cm, the stocking density of the seedlings in the nursery pond is quite large. In order to increase the emergence rate per unit area, the ponds should be divided in time. The fishing tools for the shrimp seedlings can be used. Pull out lightly, light trapping can also be performed according to the characteristics of the clusters of the shrimp seedlings, using a 30-mesh and 40-mesh sieve to create a triangular hand-printing net, which is repeatedly captured in the pool.
I. Preparation for breeding ponds
1. Breed pond conditions. The area of ​​the breeding pond for shrimps is 0.2 hectares - 0.3 hectares, the depth is 1.0m - 1.2m, and the pond slope ratio is 2.5 - 3.0:1, set at the outlet Set shrimp pond 20 square meters - 30 square meters. Breeding ponds should be selected from areas with sufficient water, fresh water, no pollution, and convenient drainage and irrigation.
2. Breeding pond clearing. One month before breeding, shrimp ponds were trimmed, reconstructed, and exposed in dry ponds. During the first 15 days of feeding eggs and broodstock, the ponds were first filled with water about 10 cm, and the ponds were disinfected with quicklime at 200 kg/mu. Five days after clear ponds. - Start water in -7 days, the water level is about 80cm, and the water inlet and outlet are filtered with a double layer of 80 mesh - 100 mesh sieve to prevent wild fish, frog eggs and other predator organisms from entering the breeding pool.
Second, the cultivation of food organisms
The abundance of food organisms is a key factor in the survival rate of brood larvae. The abundant food organisms provide ideal open bait for the development of the larvae of the prawn. Its nutritive value is more comprehensive than that of artificial feed, and can reduce pond sediments. Pollution, keep the water fresh, therefore, in the first 5 days - 7 days after stocking broodstock, breeding ponds should be applied after the fermentation of organic fertilizer 300kg / acre - 500kg / acre.
Third, the selection and breeding of broodstock
1. The choice of broodstock. Green-crawling broodstock broodstock is generally caught in large water surfaces such as lakes, reservoirs, ditches, and ponds in mid-to late May. Select lively females with complete limbs, body lengths up to 5 cm, and mature or nearly mature female ovaries as broodstocks. Ovary volume covers almost the entire back, the front end reaches the base of the forehead, and the egg's color is green or orange (if The color of the egg is gray-brown and appears eye spots, indicating that the egg has hatched and is easily detached from the mother, which is inconvenient for transportation and operation). The amount of stock for broodstock brooding is 8kg/mu -10kg/mu.
2. The breeding of shrimp. Practice has proved that the cultivation of brooding broodstock and zoea larvae is better performed with a small area of ​​intensive cultivation. The specific operation method is to use a 0.5cm mesh, 1.2m high polyethylene mesh, mesh The bottom edge is buried in the mud and compacted, enclosing it in the corner of the pond, covering an area of ​​50 m2 - 60 m2. Water plants such as water hyacinths, water peanuts and other fresh aquatic plants are placed along the perimeter of the fence, occupying the fence. From 20% to 30% of the surface of the water, brooding broodstock is placed in a fence to be cultivated. After the broodstock is released, check the development of the shrimp eggs every day. After the juvenile larvae are all detached from the mother, use lobster cages and other fishing tools to remove the prawn from the market. At this time, press 150kg/mu--200kg/mu in the cultivation pond. Apply fermented organic fertilizer and continue to cultivate the bait's food organisms.
The wavy larvae in the seine nets are bred with cooked fish broth and egg yolks. The broth and egg yolks are sputtered after being filtered through 60 mesh-80 mesh sieves. Four times a day, 10,000 shrimp per 10,000 shrimps are fresh fish. And 2 egg yolks are fed. The larvae have been intensively cultivated for a week, and their body length has reached about 0.5cm. The segregation nets can be gently removed for seedling cultivation. The seedlings were changed to fish and egg yolk as soybean milk in the early stage of cultivation. Each day, 3 kg of soybeans were used to grind the soybean milk into 3 batches of feed. After 15 days of cultivation, the length of the shrimp seedlings was about 1 cm, except for the daily soymilk feed. Increase the feeding rate of feeds and feeds. The feed volume accounts for about 5% of the body weight of the shrimps. It is fed twice a day. The amount of feed in the morning accounts for 20% of the total amount of feed, and the amount of feed in the afternoon accounts for 80%, along the pool. The shallow water area is fed at multiple points.
IV. Water Quality Management
Water quality management of shrimp breeding is mainly to ensure that there are abundant food organisms, sufficient dissolved oxygen, and appropriate pH. It takes 35 days to 40 days for larvae to grow to 1.5cm--2.0cm in length. The stocking densities during seedling cultivation are large and the water quality is variable. Water quality, transparency and the eating and feeding of shrimps should be used to adjust the water quality in time. , strengthen the scientific management of water quality.
1. Timely and appropriate fertilization and water injection and drainage. While controlling the pond water body fatness, it is also necessary to meet the growth needs of shrimp feeding on natural food organisms. Under normal circumstances, the shrimp nursery ponds are fertilized 2 times - 3 times a month, and 150 kg of organic fertilizer is applied each time. 200kg, and timely drainage according to the transparency of the pool water. The water depth of the pond during the post-cultivation period of the penaeid shrimp needs to be added between 1.0m and 1.2m to ensure that the penaeid shrimp grows in a good environment.
2. Adjust the pH of the water body. Green shrimp live in a slightly alkaline water body. With the input of artificial diet and organic fertilizer, the pH of the water body slowly decreases. The pH of the water body should be tested once a week.
V. Shrimp fishing
When the young shrimp body length is 1.5cm--2.0cm, the stocking density of the seedlings in the nursery pond is quite large. In order to increase the emergence rate per unit area, the ponds should be divided in time. The fishing tools for the shrimp seedlings can be used. Pull out lightly, light trapping can also be performed according to the characteristics of the clusters of the shrimp seedlings, using a 30-mesh and 40-mesh sieve to create a triangular hand-printing net, which is repeatedly captured in the pool.
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