Tomatoes are native to the high mountains of Central America. They prefer frozen and humid climate conditions and fertile soils. When encountering unfavorable environments, they cause a great deal of fruit and fruit drop. Therefore, reducing fruit drop and fruit drop has become a prominent problem in tomato production.
-. Causes of falling flowers
1. Diseases and insect pests caused by falling fruit and fruiting tomatoes from planting to harvest are affected by various pests: 1. Virus disease causes buds to turn brown before they fall off. The fruit is deformed or rot and basically loses its commercial value. At the same time, the leaves are curled and discolored, affecting the photosynthetic function, and can also cause flowering and fruit falling. In general years, it drops 20%-30%, and when it is severe, it is over 70%. 2 Gray mold shrinks buds. 3 Early blight turns brown leaves and loses photosynthetic function. 4 Anthracnose produces large patches of brown spots on the fruit that rot. On the 5th day of burning, the peel was whitened under strong light, causing the invading bacteria to rot the fruit. 6. Soft rot causes the fruit to become odorous and juices, leaving only empty skin. 7. Whitefly sucks stems and leaves sap, causing nutrient consumption of fruit mottled, but also spread viral disease. Bollworms, corn borers, and other fruits can also cause rotten fruit.
2. Malnutrition caused by falling fruit and fruit fertilization irrational lead to vegetative growth and reproductive growth disorders, specifically the performance of excessive leaf growth, plant burden is too heavy. Causes no fruit set or most fruit drops. Poor management, failure to fight branches, fruit trees, causing loss of nutrients. The land is uneven, and there is water accumulation on the surface after irrigation or heavy rain, resulting in poor root-breathing, impaired nutrient absorption, light flowering, fruit drop, and death of the entire plant.
3. The harsh environment caused the high temperature of flowering and fruiting, and drought promoted the aging of plants. Premature senescence, at the same time induces viral disease, causing flowers and fruits to fall. Overcast and rainy, resulting in decreased photosynthetic function of plants, deferring yellow fertilizer, causing disease epidemic, roots, dead cockroaches, so that flowers and yellow fruit fall. Winds and storms can also cause some flowers to fall.
Second, how to prevent falling flowers and falling fruit
1. Cultivate strong seedlings and strong seedlings can improve the survival rate and resistance to stress after transplanting. Selection of strong resistance varieties is a prerequisite. At present, new varieties of disease resistance and high yield mainly include Zhonghong No.1, Mao Hong, and Taiwan. Red, Lee Sheng series. The preparation of nutritious soil should be reasonable. The proportion is 40% of fertilizer garden soil and fully decomposed horse manure, 20% of Chen slag, 1000-1500 grams of phosphorus nitrate per cubic meter after mixing, fully stir and serve. Seed treatment can be soaked first, then germination after temperature treatment, sowing seedlings to improve cold resistance and resilience. In order to make the root system of seedlings developed, insecticides and fungicides should not be mixed into the subsoil, but should be mixed into the cover soil. Seedling period to control the temperature and humidity, to ensure adequate lighting time, so that seedlings can perform vigorous photosynthesis, when the surface humidity is high, the seedlings help to grow grass ash, can play to the role of dehumidification, strong stalks. The criteria for strong seedlings are short internodes, thick leaves, stout stalks, black and green plants, and bouncing immediately when lightly pressed by hand.
When 3-4 true leaves were transplanted, the root hairs increased. It takes about 7 days after subsistence. Can be planted. The seedlings cultivated in this way have a lighter disease, less weak seedlings, and strong resilience, and the survival rate after planting can be increased by more than 13%.
2. Scientifically manage neutral loam that can be irrigated and well drained, and implement rotation for more than three years. Ridge coating, so that can adjust the nutrition, protect the soil temperature and humidity, the late film reflective, can make the fruit faster coloring. 1 Fertilization should be "three up and three losses": that is, the main base fertilizer, top-dressing supplemented by the former mechanical fertilizer, supplemented by chemical fertilizers; root-based, foliar spray supplemented. Fertilizers should be combined with nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, with appropriate application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and be blended with organic fertilizers in advance so as to allow them to infiltrate into organic fertilizers in order to reduce nutrient losses. 2 Seedlings are planted on both sides of the mulching ridge, generally about 4,000 plants/mu. The seedling management should be reasonably pruned, and besides, it is timely to go to the sidelines to avoid nutrient consumption. 3Middle and late management should adopt “three types of adaptationâ€: timely light shielding (covering the fruit with grass); timely adjustment of temperature (not higher than 30°C during the day and not less than 15°C during the night), and foliar spray when the temperature is high at noon. Water cooling; timely cultivator, earth, anti-down. 4 watering three Note: The ground water is dry, dry water, do not flood irrigation, there is water in time to rule out. 5 height 25 cm or so when the frame is inserted, the results can be bundled in a timely manner to prevent the fruit from rot, but also to improve the ventilation and light environment in the field, which will help the fruit ripen. 5 Reasonably leave the flowers and keep the fruits, remove the weak flowers and weak fruits in time. After the result, combine the water and apply it to the human excrement, and then there is nothing to prevent the premature decline of the plants and cause fruit drop. After growing 5-6 batches of ear, it is necessary to timely pick up the heart and knock down the old leaves and yellow leaves in order to increase the fruit and fruit.
3. Prevention and control of pests mainly prevention, strengthen inspections, timely targeted prevention and control, 1 prevention and treatment of viral diseases, seeds can be soaked with 10% trisodium phosphate for 15 minutes, then washed with water after 3 times to destroy buds, eliminating the seeds with In the first phase of the virus, NS-83 sensitizers should be sprayed 2-3 times with 1000 times for prevention. At the beginning of the disease, 300-500 times of virus A is sprayed, sprayed once every 7-10 days, and sprayed 2-3 times. During this period, leaf poison or 0.1%-0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2 can be sprayed. -3 times to treat viruses and supplement nutrients to increase the plant's own disease resistance. 2 Prevention of fungal diseases such as anthracnose, gray mold, early blight, etc. It is recommended to use metalaxyl 800-1000 times liquid, antivirus 40O-50O times spray, spray once every 7-10 days, spray 2-3 in total Second, to prevent the epidemic. (3) Bacterial diseases such as soft rot can be sprayed on the fruit surface with 10O-150 ml/kg of streptomycin, sprayed once every 7-10 days, and sprayed twice. 4. For sunburn, cover the grass on the fruit surface for prevention. 5 control whitefly can be used adjacent forest or 3000-4000 times spray. 5 For the feeding pests such as cotton bollworm and corn borer, they can be sprayed with cotton bolls or 1000 mg of methomyl, and 2000 times liquid of mothbao during the egg's flourishing period, and sprayed three times every 7-10 days. controllable.
4. Timely harvesting fruits should be timely harvested when they are mature to prevent disease infestation. At the same time, disease, rotten, and insect pests should be removed and taken out of the garden to prevent human infection. After harvesting ~ batches of fruits, according to the growing trend of the plant, timely top dressing and watering are needed to prevent premature senescence and promote nutrient transfer to immature flowers and fruits to ensure the yield and quality of the later fruits.
-. Causes of falling flowers
1. Diseases and insect pests caused by falling fruit and fruiting tomatoes from planting to harvest are affected by various pests: 1. Virus disease causes buds to turn brown before they fall off. The fruit is deformed or rot and basically loses its commercial value. At the same time, the leaves are curled and discolored, affecting the photosynthetic function, and can also cause flowering and fruit falling. In general years, it drops 20%-30%, and when it is severe, it is over 70%. 2 Gray mold shrinks buds. 3 Early blight turns brown leaves and loses photosynthetic function. 4 Anthracnose produces large patches of brown spots on the fruit that rot. On the 5th day of burning, the peel was whitened under strong light, causing the invading bacteria to rot the fruit. 6. Soft rot causes the fruit to become odorous and juices, leaving only empty skin. 7. Whitefly sucks stems and leaves sap, causing nutrient consumption of fruit mottled, but also spread viral disease. Bollworms, corn borers, and other fruits can also cause rotten fruit.
2. Malnutrition caused by falling fruit and fruit fertilization irrational lead to vegetative growth and reproductive growth disorders, specifically the performance of excessive leaf growth, plant burden is too heavy. Causes no fruit set or most fruit drops. Poor management, failure to fight branches, fruit trees, causing loss of nutrients. The land is uneven, and there is water accumulation on the surface after irrigation or heavy rain, resulting in poor root-breathing, impaired nutrient absorption, light flowering, fruit drop, and death of the entire plant.
3. The harsh environment caused the high temperature of flowering and fruiting, and drought promoted the aging of plants. Premature senescence, at the same time induces viral disease, causing flowers and fruits to fall. Overcast and rainy, resulting in decreased photosynthetic function of plants, deferring yellow fertilizer, causing disease epidemic, roots, dead cockroaches, so that flowers and yellow fruit fall. Winds and storms can also cause some flowers to fall.
Second, how to prevent falling flowers and falling fruit
1. Cultivate strong seedlings and strong seedlings can improve the survival rate and resistance to stress after transplanting. Selection of strong resistance varieties is a prerequisite. At present, new varieties of disease resistance and high yield mainly include Zhonghong No.1, Mao Hong, and Taiwan. Red, Lee Sheng series. The preparation of nutritious soil should be reasonable. The proportion is 40% of fertilizer garden soil and fully decomposed horse manure, 20% of Chen slag, 1000-1500 grams of phosphorus nitrate per cubic meter after mixing, fully stir and serve. Seed treatment can be soaked first, then germination after temperature treatment, sowing seedlings to improve cold resistance and resilience. In order to make the root system of seedlings developed, insecticides and fungicides should not be mixed into the subsoil, but should be mixed into the cover soil. Seedling period to control the temperature and humidity, to ensure adequate lighting time, so that seedlings can perform vigorous photosynthesis, when the surface humidity is high, the seedlings help to grow grass ash, can play to the role of dehumidification, strong stalks. The criteria for strong seedlings are short internodes, thick leaves, stout stalks, black and green plants, and bouncing immediately when lightly pressed by hand.
When 3-4 true leaves were transplanted, the root hairs increased. It takes about 7 days after subsistence. Can be planted. The seedlings cultivated in this way have a lighter disease, less weak seedlings, and strong resilience, and the survival rate after planting can be increased by more than 13%.
2. Scientifically manage neutral loam that can be irrigated and well drained, and implement rotation for more than three years. Ridge coating, so that can adjust the nutrition, protect the soil temperature and humidity, the late film reflective, can make the fruit faster coloring. 1 Fertilization should be "three up and three losses": that is, the main base fertilizer, top-dressing supplemented by the former mechanical fertilizer, supplemented by chemical fertilizers; root-based, foliar spray supplemented. Fertilizers should be combined with nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, with appropriate application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and be blended with organic fertilizers in advance so as to allow them to infiltrate into organic fertilizers in order to reduce nutrient losses. 2 Seedlings are planted on both sides of the mulching ridge, generally about 4,000 plants/mu. The seedling management should be reasonably pruned, and besides, it is timely to go to the sidelines to avoid nutrient consumption. 3Middle and late management should adopt “three types of adaptationâ€: timely light shielding (covering the fruit with grass); timely adjustment of temperature (not higher than 30°C during the day and not less than 15°C during the night), and foliar spray when the temperature is high at noon. Water cooling; timely cultivator, earth, anti-down. 4 watering three Note: The ground water is dry, dry water, do not flood irrigation, there is water in time to rule out. 5 height 25 cm or so when the frame is inserted, the results can be bundled in a timely manner to prevent the fruit from rot, but also to improve the ventilation and light environment in the field, which will help the fruit ripen. 5 Reasonably leave the flowers and keep the fruits, remove the weak flowers and weak fruits in time. After the result, combine the water and apply it to the human excrement, and then there is nothing to prevent the premature decline of the plants and cause fruit drop. After growing 5-6 batches of ear, it is necessary to timely pick up the heart and knock down the old leaves and yellow leaves in order to increase the fruit and fruit.
3. Prevention and control of pests mainly prevention, strengthen inspections, timely targeted prevention and control, 1 prevention and treatment of viral diseases, seeds can be soaked with 10% trisodium phosphate for 15 minutes, then washed with water after 3 times to destroy buds, eliminating the seeds with In the first phase of the virus, NS-83 sensitizers should be sprayed 2-3 times with 1000 times for prevention. At the beginning of the disease, 300-500 times of virus A is sprayed, sprayed once every 7-10 days, and sprayed 2-3 times. During this period, leaf poison or 0.1%-0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2 can be sprayed. -3 times to treat viruses and supplement nutrients to increase the plant's own disease resistance. 2 Prevention of fungal diseases such as anthracnose, gray mold, early blight, etc. It is recommended to use metalaxyl 800-1000 times liquid, antivirus 40O-50O times spray, spray once every 7-10 days, spray 2-3 in total Second, to prevent the epidemic. (3) Bacterial diseases such as soft rot can be sprayed on the fruit surface with 10O-150 ml/kg of streptomycin, sprayed once every 7-10 days, and sprayed twice. 4. For sunburn, cover the grass on the fruit surface for prevention. 5 control whitefly can be used adjacent forest or 3000-4000 times spray. 5 For the feeding pests such as cotton bollworm and corn borer, they can be sprayed with cotton bolls or 1000 mg of methomyl, and 2000 times liquid of mothbao during the egg's flourishing period, and sprayed three times every 7-10 days. controllable.
4. Timely harvesting fruits should be timely harvested when they are mature to prevent disease infestation. At the same time, disease, rotten, and insect pests should be removed and taken out of the garden to prevent human infection. After harvesting ~ batches of fruits, according to the growing trend of the plant, timely top dressing and watering are needed to prevent premature senescence and promote nutrient transfer to immature flowers and fruits to ensure the yield and quality of the later fruits.
Gauze roll
Structure and composition: It is made of 100% pure cotton thread and woven into plain weave cotton cloth of various widths, then, degreasing, bleaching and drying.
Product performance: It is white and odorless, soft to the touch, does not contain cotton leaves, cotton seed shells or other impurities, and has good water absorption performance.
Model specifications: Non-sterile type, roll type. The specifications are 90CM / 100CM / 120CM * 1000M / 1500M / 2000M, etc.
Packing: White chicken skin paper naked package, and then set with PE plastic bag, packaged with external woven cloth.
Scope of application: It is mainly used for raw materials of medical accessories and clinical use of medical units.
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Shaoxing Gangfeng Hospital Products Co.,Ltd. , https://www.gangfenggauze.com