1. Selection of pumps 1.1 Design of pumps 1.1.1 Design flow. The design flow rate should be determined based on the area of ​​the farmland to be irrigated, the amount of irrigation water, and the number of rounds of irrigation, etc. The flow rate of the water pump should also be less than the continuous water supply of the water source to ensure continuous operation of the water pump. 1.1.2 Design Heads. The head of the pump refers to the total head of the water system, that is, the actual head (determined by the location of the selected pumping station and the status of the water source, which is equal to the height difference between the inlet and outlet water levels) and the loss head (equal to the actual head of 0. The sum of 10-0.20). 1.2 Speed ​​of the pump. According to the designed flow rate and design head, the pump (water flow and lift must match) must be selected using the pump type or pump performance table, and then be checked according to the configured piping system. If the pump is not operating in the high efficiency area, it should be reselected. 2. Use of pumps 2.1 Installation of pumps 2.1.1 Under conditions permitting geographical environment, the pump should be as close as possible to the water source to reduce the length of the suction pipe. The foundation of the pump installation site should be solid, and a special foundation should be fixed for the fixed pump station. 2.1.2 The inlet pipe should be sealed and reliable, must have special support, not hanging on the pump. The inlet pipe with bottom valve shall be installed with the axis of the bottom valve perpendicular to the horizontal plane as far as possible, and the angle between its axis and the horizontal plane shall not be less than 45. When the water source is a channel, the bottom valve should be more than 0.50 m above the bottom of the water, and the screen should be added to prevent debris from entering the pump. 2.1.3 The machine and pump base should be horizontal, and the connection with the foundation should be firm. When the belt of the machine and pump is driven, the belt is tightly under the side, so that the transmission efficiency is high, the pump impeller steering should be consistent with the direction indicated by the arrow; when using the coupling transmission, the machine and the pump must be coaxial. 2.2 Inspection 2.2.1 The rotation of the pump shaft shall be flexible and free from impact; the shaft diameter of the pump shall not be significantly shaken, and calcium-based lubricating oil shall be sufficient. 2.2.2 Check whether the water inlet pipe is damaged. Repair the cracked area in time. Check whether the fastening bolts are loose and tighten the loose bolts. 2.2.3 The motor windings and electrical insulation of the submersible pump should meet the requirements before they can be used. 2.3 Operation and Parking 2.3.1 During the operation of the pump, it is necessary to pay attention to checking the vacuum gauge and pressure gauge at any time, monitor and record the working condition of the pump, listen to whether there is abnormal noise, whether the temperature at the bearing is too high, and if the stuffing box drips. More or less, also check the pump speed and belt tension. 2.3.2 The submersible pump must be immersed in water. Once it is exposed to the water, it shall be powered off and stopped immediately. Otherwise, there is a danger of burning. 2.3.3 When the high-head pump stops, sudden interruption of power should be forbidden. Otherwise, water hammer will be easily caused to damage the water pump or piping. For the water supply system with gate valve, the gate valve shall be closed slowly and then shut down; Pumping-powered pumping units should also be gradually shut down after oil reduction. During winter shutdown, the water in the pump should be drained to prevent rust or cracking. In case of long-term shutdown, the components should be disassembled, wiped dry, inspected and repaired, and then assembled and stored in a dry place. 3, the common faults and exclusion of the pump 3.1 The pump does not absorb water or water. The reason is that the bottom valve is damaged or jammed; the filter water is partially choked; the system head exceeds the lift of the pump; the pump or suction pipe leaks; the impeller flow path is blocked or damaged; the impeller steering does not conform to regulations or the rotation speed is too low; Qi and so on. Can be repaired, removed debris, fastening, replacement and other methods to exclude. 3.2 The water output from the pump is low or the vacuum pumping water fails. The main reasons are leakage of pipelines; water pump speed is reduced; water level drops; suction head increases; filter, impeller or suction pipe is partially blocked; impeller damage: leakage at shaft seal; They can be inspected, plugged, and replaced or reinstalled if necessary. 3.3 The pump is vibrating or noisy. The reasons are mainly unreasonable installation; pump shaft bending; impeller damage or imbalance; bearing damage or poor lubrication; fixed screws loose; machine shaft, pump shaft misalignment; motor rotor is not balanced; impeller and pump casing wipe. Can be adjusted separately. Straighten, repair, replace, tighten, etc. 3.4 bearing heat. The main reasons are: bearing wear serious; pump shaft bending; poor lubrication; shaft, pump shaft misalignment; Can be replaced, straightened, improved lubrication, adjustment, correct installation and other methods to exclude.
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