1. Apply base fertilizer, which forms the foundation for high-yield rapeseed, typically accounting for around 60% of the total fertilization. To reach a yield target of 250 kg per 667 square meters, it's essential to apply sufficient nutrients at the beginning. For medium fertility fields, 2000-3000 kg of high-quality organic manure, 50-60 kg of cake fertilizer, and 8-10 kg of reduced nitrogen fertilizer are generally recommended. Additionally, 5-6 kg of phosphorus and 3-5 kg of potassium should be added, along with 0.5-1 kg of borax to ensure balanced nutrition.
2. Early application of seedling fertilizer is crucial for healthy plant development. This stage should account for about 10-15% of the total fertilizer used. A common practice is to apply 500 kg of diluted human waste per 667 square meters, along with 5-7 kg of urea or 10-15 kg of ammonium bicarbonate. When using chemical fertilizers, it's best to dissolve them in clean water before applying to avoid root burn.
3. Apply wax fertilizer during the winter growth phase. This type of fertilizer usually consists of slow-release materials that help maintain soil temperature. It’s recommended to use 3000-4000 kg of compost, 20 kg of compound fertilizer, and 300-500 kg of straw per 667 square meters. Before applying, the field should be plowed and weeded. After fertilizing, cover the straw and loosen the soil around the roots to promote better nutrient absorption.
4. Reapply manure during the critical growth period. This method is highly efficient for rapeseed and usually makes up about 30% of the total fertilizer. The process includes: first, re-fertilizing weak seedlings; second, applying nitrogen and potassium fertilizers to strong seedling fields from late January to early February, using 15-20 kg of urea and 5-6 kg of potassium chloride per 667 square meters. In severely deficient fields, two applications are recommended, with the first applied 5-7 days earlier and the second after an interval of 10-15 days, slightly increasing the amount each time.
5. Use foliar fertilizer strategically to address nutrient deficiencies in the later stages and prevent premature leaf drop. Based on seedling condition and soil fertility, apply 4-7 kg of urea or 8-10 kg of ammonium sulfate per 667 square meters to support long-term growth. For weaker plants, an early application can be beneficial, while well-established fields should avoid additional applications.
6. Apply boron fertilizer carefully. Brassica napus is relatively tolerant to boron, but hybrid varieties are more sensitive. Boron is most effective when applied as a base fertilizer or through foliar spray. For base application, mix 0.5 kg of borax with the base fertilizer. During the bud and early flowering stages, spray 150g of borax in 50-75 kg of water, repeating the application twice for optimal results.
7. Apply foliar fertilizer after flowering to extend the life of leaves and stems, increase grain weight, and boost overall yield. A typical mixture includes 150g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.5kg of urea per 667 square meters, mixed in 50-60 kg of water. This solution can be sprayed 2-3 times, and it can also be combined with pesticide applications for disease and pest control.
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