In most parts of China this year, with high rainfall, high humidity, and high temperatures, persistent high-temperature weather can lead to heat stress and heat stroke in chickens, resulting in decreased feed intake, reduced egg production, and even a large number of dead chickens. The majority of layer chicken farmers face challenge. In order to maintain high and stable production, farmers are advised to adopt the following feeding and management measures.
(a) Cooling
1. Ventilation: The longitudinal ventilation method is generally used. It is an advanced ventilation method developed in recent years. This method is suitable for closed chicken houses. The specific method of operation is: installing a high-power exhaust fan at one end of the house, and setting the air intake at the opposite end of the house, so that the entire chicken house forms an air circulation roadway, allowing air to pass from above the flock so that the chicken can feel cool. .
2. Spray Cooling: In the case of poor high temperature and ventilation, spray fresh and cool deep well water with chicken spray at noon and afternoon every day at noon and afternoon (or add appropriate amount of disinfectant to disinfect the chicken). To absorb chicken house heat.
3. Awning canopy is erected: A shade canopy is placed on the sunny side of the house and on the side of the entrance to the chicken house. The sunlight can be blocked by the shade to enter the house. The temperature in the house can be reduced by 2°C-3°C. The material used for the shade canopy is generally a cold yarn composed of chemical fibers, which can block out sunlight and have good air permeability.
4. Whitening and reducing heat: White absorbs light and absorbs heat. The wall is painted once a year and the roof is painted with white paint. It can be used for sterilization and cooling.
(B) Reasonable feeding
1. Feeding oils and fats: Experiments have shown that when the ambient temperature exceeds 25°C, chickens will reduce their energy production by reducing the intake of energy feeds, resulting in inadequate nutrient intake, resulting in decreased egg production performance. Therefore, we need to Feeding diets with higher nutrient concentrations. The effective method is to use animal and plant fats instead of carbohydrates, and add 1% to 2% of fats and oils as energy supplements in the diet. Increase protein levels in the diet by 1% to 2%, and take care to maintain the balance of amino acids.
2. Add green and juicy feed The feed has good palatability, is rich in multiple vitamins, and can increase feed intake of laying hens, which is good for health and heatstroke prevention.
3. Calcium supplementation: The eggshell formation is mainly at dusk, so hens should be given soluble stone powder or shell powder separately in the afternoon to improve the quality of the shell, and also reduce the impact of heat stress on the chicken, and stimulate the increase in chicken consumption. Food intake, and then increase egg production.
4 timely feeding, increase the number of feeding: summer morning and evening temperatures are relatively low, this time, layer hens have a higher appetite, feed intake is also relatively large, can adjust the feeding time, before the lights turn off in the morning and evening before each Feed 1 time.
5. Add Heat Stress Additives: (1) Add Supplemental Vitamin C. Adding 100 mg of vitamin C to layer diets or adding 0.1% of vitamin C to drinking water in summer can not only increase chicken production, but also increase resistance to bacterial and viral diseases. (2) Adding Chinese herbal medicine additives: It can prevent and treat certain diseases, but it can also resist heat stress, which has obvious effect on improving chicken production performance. Such as heat-fighting and fire-fighting type: plaster, scorpion, etc., can help the body to dissipate heat; summer heat class: musk, citron, can heat to prevent heat stroke; tranquilizer type: Polygala, beaten kernel, Suanzaoren, can tranquilize It is shocking and has anti-heat stress effect. (3) Addition of Bacitracin Zinc: Bacitracin Zinc is a heat stress reliever with good application effect at present, and its advantage lies in the increase of egg production, so that heat-stressed layer chickens maintain higher feed intake. (4) Adding baking soda (sodium bicarbonate): The concentration of bicarbonate ions in the blood of laying hens will decrease during heat stress. Adding 0.1% to 0.2% sodium bicarbonate to the diet can maintain a stable level of Hco3 in the blood, thus alleviating heat stress. The addition of 0.3% to 1% sodium bicarbonate can significantly increase egg production and reduce the number of shells and defective eggs. When sodium bicarbonate is added, the availability of dietary protein can also be increased, but care should be taken to reduce the salt content in the diet.
(III) Strengthen Feeding Management
1. Adequate, fresh, cool drinking water: Providing adequate, hygienic, and cool drinking water for laying hens during the summer is a key factor in keeping chickens healthy and maintaining normal production performance. In order to prevent diarrhea in the summer of laying hens, enzyme probiotics can be added to the feed, which also has a good effect on egg production.
2. Decrease the density: When laying hens are afraid of heat, the flocks should be kept at a low density in time according to the temperature. It is better to have 5 square meters per square meter and reduce it to 4 after entering the volt.
3. Take chickens to disinfect and do prevention and cure of epidemics: In summer, high temperature, poor environment and sanitation of chicken coops, poor resistance of poultry, prone to bacterial diseases, especially digestive tract diseases. Should adhere to 2 or 3 times a week to sterilize the chicken, keep the house clean and hygienic, in order to reduce the incidence of disease. Disinfection with chicken spray not only kills pathogens and purifies the air, but also achieves a cooling effect.
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