Due to the high price of good-quality insect-resistant cotton varieties, especially high-quality hybrid insect-resistant cotton varieties, in order to reduce the cost of planting, many farmers last year left their seeds with cotton collected by their own families. During the growth of cotton this year, the author went to the cotton fields for investigations. The results of the comprehensive survey showed that all the cotton fields that use self-sustained varieties have poor insect resistance and are mixed when the second generation of cotton bollworms occurs this year. Degradation is serious and there are few bells. According to this, to remind the majority of farmers friends, in order to ensure the effectiveness of cotton planting, planting insect-resistant cotton, must not self-retained species!
Insect-resistant cotton seeds have low purity and poor insect resistance, which can lead to severe reductions in yields. Cotton is often a different crop, cross-pollination rate is generally about 10%, up to 20%. Therefore, in the breeding of insect-resistant cotton varieties, it is required that a separation belt having a width of 500 meters or more be set around the breeding field, and no cotton of other varieties can be planted in the isolation belt. If there is no such barrier, other varieties of cotton can easily pollinate each other with insect-resistant cotton, resulting in mixed varieties. Such strict preservation measures are difficult for a household. For conventional cotton varieties, they are slightly mixed (within 5%) and will not significantly reduce production and income. For insect-resistant cotton, a small amount of miscellaneous can cause great losses. This is because the insect-resistant cotton varieties planted in China have a poor killing effect on larvae of the third instar of cotton bollworm. The hybrid plant cotton, because it is not resistant to H. armigera, will not only cause damage to the cotton bollworm, but also transfer harm to the surrounding insect-resistant cotton-cotton plant. When the damage is heavy, if it is not timely prevented, it will cause serious reduction of yield. . From the field investigation results of the cotton millet series, the Lumianyan series, and the Tan cotton series, the authors over the years have seen that the purity of the insect-resistant cotton varieties produced by large-scale seed enterprises is above 98%, and the second generation of cotton bollworms In the year of general occurrence, there is no need for spraying control. The top-line victims of cotton plants account for only 2.5%-4.3% (the rate of top-line plant damage of cotton plants reaches 5% as a control measure for spraying), with an average yield of 79 kilograms per mu; The purity of the retained seeds was only 81% to 90.3%. The second generation of cotton bollworms was sprayed to prevent and control the second generation of cotton bollworms with an average of 2.7 times. The top strains of cotton plants accounted for 8.1% to 10.8%, and the average yield was 67.3 kg. Compared with the qualified insect-resistant cotton good farms, the insect-resistant cotton self-retaining cotton fields reduced 11.7 kilograms per acre, reduced production by 14.8%, and reduced the income per acre (including control labor and drug use costs) by 137.8 yuan.
Hybrid insect-resistant cotton can only be planted in the first generation of hybrids and cannot be planted for the second generation. The varieties of conventional insect-resistant cotton planted in China can be cultivated for many years by self-retaining species as long as they do a good job of purification and rejuvenation and maintain their original species. In the cotton field where the first-generation hybrids were planted, the seeds produced were the second-generation hybrid seeds. If the second-generation hybrid seed is used for field production, the plants will be severely segregated, the plant type will be different, the resistance to insects will be deteriorated, and the yield and quality will be greatly reduced. According to the experiment, the second-generation hybrid and the first-generation hybrid were planted in the same species, and the former generally reduced yield by about 15%. Therefore, when planting hybrid insect-resistant cotton, you must not use self-seeding plants. You should purchase qualified cross-breeding plants annually.
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