Saline-alkali land balance fertilization technology

There are more than 10 million mu of saline-alkali land in Shandong Province. In most saline soils, the content of soil organic matter is low, the mineral nutrients are not balanced, and the trace elements are lacking. The mineral elements necessary for crops are difficult to be precipitated due to the high pH value of the soil. Crops absorb and use, resulting in crop nutrient deficiency. Saline-alkali wheat requires high yield and fertilization is the key. Mainly grasp the following principles:

First, adhere to the main organic fertilizer farming said: "alkali big fat, hypertrophy to eat alkali." Here refers to the fertilizer refers to organic fertilizer, to increase the application of organic fertilizer saline, can increase the content of organic matter in the soil, so that the whole crop During the fertility process, it is fully nutrition, and it also improves soil fertility conservation and buffering capacity against acid and alkali and harmful ions, reduces salt and pH in the soil, reduces the damage of saline and alkaline to crops, and promotes soil maturation. In general, 3 to 4 cubic meters of organic fertilizer should be applied per acre saline-alkali land, and straw should be returned every year. In the current situation of insufficient organic fertilizer, planting green manure is an important way to solve the problem of desalination.

Second, a reasonable choice of chemical fertilizers

Most fertilizers are salts, which are acidic, alkaline, and neutral. Acidic, neutral fertilizers can be applied on saline ground. Alkaline fertilizers should be avoided on saline land. Such as urea, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium nitrate, etc. do not leave any impurities in the soil, will not increase the salt and alkalinity in the soil, suitable for application on the saline-alkali land; ammonium sulfate is a physiological acidic fertilizer, in which ammonium is absorbed by wheat, Residual sulfate can reduce the alkalinity of salt and alkali, and it is also suitable for application; alkaline fertilizers such as grass ash are not suitable for application on saline-alkali soil; calcium phosphate should be used when applying phosphate fertilizer to saline-alkali wheat. The calcium, magnesium and phosphate fertilizers are alkaline fertilizers. Applying them on the saline-alkali soil will not only have no effect, but will also lead to increased alkalinity of the soil.

Third, pay attention to the application of organic fertilizers

This can not only supplement a variety of nutrients, but also help to reduce the concentration of soil solution, reduce the salt and alkali damage caused by the application of chemical fertilizers. Fertilizer should pay attention to several small applications, so as to avoid a sudden high concentration of soil solution, affecting wheat absorption and growth. Ammonium nitrogen fertilizer is easy to cause the volatilization of ammonia on saline ground. Therefore, we must be deeply involved. Saline-alkali soil has low ground temperature, weakened microbial activity, less effective phosphorus release, and often shows a lack of phosphorus. Increasing phosphorus fertilizer can significantly increase production.

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