At present, the main cultivated pomelo varieties in our province are Shatian pomelo and Cixi pomelo. Their cultivation techniques are basically the same as those of citrus fruits. The biggest difference is that the resulting mother shoots are different. Different measures should be taken around the characteristics in cultivation to make fruit trees grow year after year. Stable production.
First, planting points
In particular, the grapefruit planting should pay attention to two points: First, soil preparation before planting seedlings. Before the planting of seedlings, soil improvement must be carried out first. Pingba is to be excavated in the planned garden in a planting trench of 1m width and 0.8-1m depth in the north-south direction. The length of the trench is equal to the land. If the platform can dig 0.8-1m in diameter, the depth 0.8-1m planting hole. When digging holes or ditches, the land on the surface is piled up separately from the soil and soil. When the soil is backfilled, the surface layer of mature soil, mandrill, weeds and other green manure are used for layer backfilling and practicability. The backfilling soil in the middle and upper part of the cavities needs to be mixed with compost, ring fertilizer and other farm organic fertilizers, each with more than 100kg, plus superphosphate or calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer 2kg. The second is that Shatian Pulp needs to be equipped with a pollination tree. Shatian pomelo has a low self-fertilizer strength. In order to ensure the highest possible yield and stability, pollination plants need to be planted in a certain proportion. Shatian pomelo should be 8-10:1 configuration, the best pollinating tree is crystal grapefruit, acid grapefruit and so on. Pollination trees should be uniformly mixed in the main cultivars to facilitate pollination. The rate of self-cultivation of xixi pomelo is quite high. Not only does it require no allocation of pollination trees, but it also requires a pure single variety. Otherwise, multi-species mixed cultivation will increase the number of seeds and reduce the quality.
Second, the soil fertilizer management points
From July to August, it is the peak period of the pomelo fruit enlargement. At this time, the drought causes the fruit to be small and the quality is low. In case of heavy rain, the drought will cause severe cracking. According to practice, the use of ground cover (with water hyacinth and other water-benefit fertilizers as the most ideal) can greatly reduce the "sudden high sudden drop" in soil water content, which is beneficial to the expansion of pomelo fruit and the enhancement of quality. Pomelo should be fertilized with organic fertilizer (livestock and poultry manure, compost, cake fertilizer, etc.) plus compound fertilizer. The 1-3 year old saplings will have 40-75kg of livestock and poultry manure, 0.5-1kg of urea, and cake fat per year. Must be cooked first) 1-2kg, potassium chloride 0.5-2kg 4-6 applications. The base of adult trees is generally applied in 10 parts, each with 40kg of manure water, with 1kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and 4kg of cake fertilizer. Before sprouting in spring, each plant applies 0.5kg of urea and 0.15kg of sulfuric acid, and combined with irrigation to promote germination and flowering; In the beginning of May, 0.5-0.8kg of compound fertilizer is applied to each plant; in the period of July-August, strong fruit fertilizer is applied. Each plant uses 20-40kg of manure water, and the compound compound fertilizer is 0.5-1kg, which is combined with flood irrigation to promote drought resistance. The fruit enlarges. In general, the ratio of N, P and K is controlled to be about 1:0.6:0.7.
Third, pruning, cultivating healthy results mother branch
The pomelo tree adopts three main branches and is naturally open-hearted, and the canopy is semi-circular after forming. The saplings are put in light shears and long branches, and the branching angles are opened, combined with the wiping of shoots to improve the shoot quality, ease the growth, and promote flowering results. After entering the result period, the pomegranate crowns are tall, the tree vigor is strong, and there are mostly spring shoots and leaves with less litchi and golden mean. The main branch is called the stem branch. The result of the ability of Litchi chinensis was in the fruitful branches of pomelo all the time, and the result of internal hemorrhoids was the main site. In plastic surgery, measures should be taken to control the height of the tree crown. Light shear should be used as the main method of trimming. In the upper part of the canopy, standing branches or sticks should be removed in a timely manner. “Open skylight†should be used to shine light into the internal malleolus. No leaf shoots, ensuring that the plants have sufficient flowering results. In terms of cultivation measures, the development of spring shoots is more and more robust, and it is an important part of increasing yield and quality to cultivate excellent mother trees.
Four, juvenile tree promotion measures
Pomelo before entering the full fruit period, such as poor management is likely to form Wang Changshu, such plants need to take to promote flower processing: 1 inhibition of growth, standing branches, strong growth of lateral branches, take branching or take branch treatment, ease Growing up. It is also possible that in the middle or late September, the trunk of Wang Changshu will be cut to a depth of xylem. 2 Use paclobutrazol, Hua Guo Ling and other grapefruit flowering agents from mid-September, spray once every 20 days, and apply 2-3 times. Promote flower and fruit protection and fruit sparse fruit to carry out grapefruit tree protection and fruit thinning and fruit thinning, is one of the key measures for high quality and high yield. 1 The measures of flower protection and fruit protection include artificially assisted pollination, circumcision around 10 days after flowering, spraying boron fertilizer at flowering stage, and spraying kinetin or GA3 on young fruit. 2 Thinning and thinning of fruit should be avoided as soon as possible. If the flowering spikes are more on the mother branch, the head and tail spikes should be removed, and the 1-2 spikes of flower heads should be reserved; when the buds are white, only the flower heads are left inflorescence. The middle 2-3 robust and well-balanced flower buds divide the flower buds at the base and top. The fruit thinning is generally performed in two stages. The first time the young fruit grows to a size of 2 cm, it is about mid-May. In order to sparse the top fruit and sparsely stay in, the fruit is generally left to grow. 2-3 young fruit, 1-2 weak branches, grasping the principles of Wangshu, strong trees, and weak trees. At the same time, the results of young trees such as summer shoots, should be erased in a timely manner to reduce nutrient depletion, control of the occurrence of fruit and fertilizer conflicts, promote fruit growth and normal growth. The second thinning of fruit was carried out around mid-June in order to target fruit. Mainly sparsely deformed fruit, pests and fruits, etc., generally leave single fruit, and set the fruit according to the tree age tree potential. Excess fruit is too small and the commodity value is not high.
First, planting points
In particular, the grapefruit planting should pay attention to two points: First, soil preparation before planting seedlings. Before the planting of seedlings, soil improvement must be carried out first. Pingba is to be excavated in the planned garden in a planting trench of 1m width and 0.8-1m depth in the north-south direction. The length of the trench is equal to the land. If the platform can dig 0.8-1m in diameter, the depth 0.8-1m planting hole. When digging holes or ditches, the land on the surface is piled up separately from the soil and soil. When the soil is backfilled, the surface layer of mature soil, mandrill, weeds and other green manure are used for layer backfilling and practicability. The backfilling soil in the middle and upper part of the cavities needs to be mixed with compost, ring fertilizer and other farm organic fertilizers, each with more than 100kg, plus superphosphate or calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer 2kg. The second is that Shatian Pulp needs to be equipped with a pollination tree. Shatian pomelo has a low self-fertilizer strength. In order to ensure the highest possible yield and stability, pollination plants need to be planted in a certain proportion. Shatian pomelo should be 8-10:1 configuration, the best pollinating tree is crystal grapefruit, acid grapefruit and so on. Pollination trees should be uniformly mixed in the main cultivars to facilitate pollination. The rate of self-cultivation of xixi pomelo is quite high. Not only does it require no allocation of pollination trees, but it also requires a pure single variety. Otherwise, multi-species mixed cultivation will increase the number of seeds and reduce the quality.
Second, the soil fertilizer management points
From July to August, it is the peak period of the pomelo fruit enlargement. At this time, the drought causes the fruit to be small and the quality is low. In case of heavy rain, the drought will cause severe cracking. According to practice, the use of ground cover (with water hyacinth and other water-benefit fertilizers as the most ideal) can greatly reduce the "sudden high sudden drop" in soil water content, which is beneficial to the expansion of pomelo fruit and the enhancement of quality. Pomelo should be fertilized with organic fertilizer (livestock and poultry manure, compost, cake fertilizer, etc.) plus compound fertilizer. The 1-3 year old saplings will have 40-75kg of livestock and poultry manure, 0.5-1kg of urea, and cake fat per year. Must be cooked first) 1-2kg, potassium chloride 0.5-2kg 4-6 applications. The base of adult trees is generally applied in 10 parts, each with 40kg of manure water, with 1kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and 4kg of cake fertilizer. Before sprouting in spring, each plant applies 0.5kg of urea and 0.15kg of sulfuric acid, and combined with irrigation to promote germination and flowering; In the beginning of May, 0.5-0.8kg of compound fertilizer is applied to each plant; in the period of July-August, strong fruit fertilizer is applied. Each plant uses 20-40kg of manure water, and the compound compound fertilizer is 0.5-1kg, which is combined with flood irrigation to promote drought resistance. The fruit enlarges. In general, the ratio of N, P and K is controlled to be about 1:0.6:0.7.
Third, pruning, cultivating healthy results mother branch
The pomelo tree adopts three main branches and is naturally open-hearted, and the canopy is semi-circular after forming. The saplings are put in light shears and long branches, and the branching angles are opened, combined with the wiping of shoots to improve the shoot quality, ease the growth, and promote flowering results. After entering the result period, the pomegranate crowns are tall, the tree vigor is strong, and there are mostly spring shoots and leaves with less litchi and golden mean. The main branch is called the stem branch. The result of the ability of Litchi chinensis was in the fruitful branches of pomelo all the time, and the result of internal hemorrhoids was the main site. In plastic surgery, measures should be taken to control the height of the tree crown. Light shear should be used as the main method of trimming. In the upper part of the canopy, standing branches or sticks should be removed in a timely manner. “Open skylight†should be used to shine light into the internal malleolus. No leaf shoots, ensuring that the plants have sufficient flowering results. In terms of cultivation measures, the development of spring shoots is more and more robust, and it is an important part of increasing yield and quality to cultivate excellent mother trees.
Four, juvenile tree promotion measures
Pomelo before entering the full fruit period, such as poor management is likely to form Wang Changshu, such plants need to take to promote flower processing: 1 inhibition of growth, standing branches, strong growth of lateral branches, take branching or take branch treatment, ease Growing up. It is also possible that in the middle or late September, the trunk of Wang Changshu will be cut to a depth of xylem. 2 Use paclobutrazol, Hua Guo Ling and other grapefruit flowering agents from mid-September, spray once every 20 days, and apply 2-3 times. Promote flower and fruit protection and fruit sparse fruit to carry out grapefruit tree protection and fruit thinning and fruit thinning, is one of the key measures for high quality and high yield. 1 The measures of flower protection and fruit protection include artificially assisted pollination, circumcision around 10 days after flowering, spraying boron fertilizer at flowering stage, and spraying kinetin or GA3 on young fruit. 2 Thinning and thinning of fruit should be avoided as soon as possible. If the flowering spikes are more on the mother branch, the head and tail spikes should be removed, and the 1-2 spikes of flower heads should be reserved; when the buds are white, only the flower heads are left inflorescence. The middle 2-3 robust and well-balanced flower buds divide the flower buds at the base and top. The fruit thinning is generally performed in two stages. The first time the young fruit grows to a size of 2 cm, it is about mid-May. In order to sparse the top fruit and sparsely stay in, the fruit is generally left to grow. 2-3 young fruit, 1-2 weak branches, grasping the principles of Wangshu, strong trees, and weak trees. At the same time, the results of young trees such as summer shoots, should be erased in a timely manner to reduce nutrient depletion, control of the occurrence of fruit and fertilizer conflicts, promote fruit growth and normal growth. The second thinning of fruit was carried out around mid-June in order to target fruit. Mainly sparsely deformed fruit, pests and fruits, etc., generally leave single fruit, and set the fruit according to the tree age tree potential. Excess fruit is too small and the commodity value is not high.
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