[scientific name] Lagenaria siceraria var.mi-crocarpa
[alias] small gourd
Genus
Native to the tropical regions of Eurasia. It is not cold tolerant, warm, moist and sunny. It requires fertile, well-drained soil.
Stems densely covered with hairs, tendrils divided into two. Leaves alternate, heart-shaped or kidney-shaped oval. Small teeth on the edges. Male and female plants with different flowers, pedicels long, flowers solitary, white, flowering from July to September. The ripe fruit is pale yellowish white, about l0cm long, and the middle pods are fine and ripe. The Yangtze River valley will be planted in the hotbed in early March; Guangdong will be planted from December to January; and northern China will be nursed in indoor or cold beds in March. Irrigation 2 to 3 times throughout the growing season. The scaffold should be set up early so that it can climb up. Shelving should be cultivated, both to watch flowers, fruit, but also a very good shade material, fruit ripe after hanging in the room, unique and funny.
Reproduction and cultivation points:
(1) Seed season ornamental gourds sown in 2-8 months.
(2) Seeding seedlings due to thick seed coat, not easy to absorb water, soak seeds before sowing with warm water of 30 °C for 3 ~ 4h, seeds of long handle gourd, crane head gourd soaked in warm water of 30 °C for 7 ~ 8h, so that the seeds fully absorb water, Then germination.
(3) When planting 4 to 6 leaves of the seedlings in the selected area, planting them into the production field, and selecting the well-drained sandy loam to the clay loam is most suitable.
(4) Field management Ornamental gourd grows for a long period and has strong fertility. Foundation fertilizer must be applied. Generally, 667m2 farmyard manure 2000kg, peanut bran 200kg, and phosphate fertilizer 60kg are used as the base fertilizer. On the cultivation, it can promote adventitious roots, expand the absorption area, and make nutrients and moisture better absorbed. Greenhouses for flat sheds are 2 to 2.5m high. As an ornamental planting space, sufficient space is available for plant growth. Generally, each scaffolding area needs about lm2 per scaffolding area, and each stalk gourd and crane stiletto needs about 3m2 scaffolding area. . In conjunction with mulching or greenhouse planting, early planting can be achieved to achieve high yields. The plants should be topped in time, picking up when the main vine is about 50 cm, and promoting the vines to spawn, leaving the first or the second side branches, and when the vines grow to 25 cm, they can take heart again. Sun Man was encouraged to smoke, and Sun Man took his heart and let it grow. Small gourd in addition to the application of base fertilizer, the growth period should pay attention to top dressing, to thin Shi Qin Shi. Long-handled gourd and crane head gourd grow vigorously, and the vegetative growth must be strictly controlled in the early stage. In order to increase the fruit setting rate, artificial pollination can be conducted in the flowering period in the evening, and the fertilizer should be continued after the result. Ornamental gourd has strong resistance and less pests and diseases, but should pay attention to the occurrence of powdery mildew and worms. When powdery mildew first occurs, use 25% triadimefon WP 1000 times solution and 50% sulfur sulphate suspension 150 times every 10 times. Spray once a day, alternating use, use 3 times continuously. Anthraquinone chemical control can be used alternately 72% Ketite EC 1000 ~ 1500 times, to prevent and control.
Pest Control:
1. Fusarium wilt: invade the base of the roots and stalks, and the leaves are severely wilted. After the flowering and squashing, the appearance of the initial disease is like water shortage. It is obviously wilting at noon and can be recovered sooner or later. The roots are brown or rot and the affected area overflows with an amber jelly. A 50% carbendazim 500-fold dilution and a 70% thiophanate-600 dilution can be used.
Anthracnose: The lesions of the first disease were pale yellow near-circular, and the central lesions of the posterior lesions were broken. Severe leaves dead, petiole appear light brown streak, fruit stains were light green water stains, after the emergence of depression in the middle of a round dark brown lesions, sometimes the surface overflowing orange viscous material or rot. 70% thiophanate 600-fold dilution and 75% chlorothalonil 500-fold dilution can be used.
3. Insect pests: There are mainly melons, melon flies, yellow melons, and noctuids. With Michelle deep application or applicator and pyrethroid pesticides mixed double spray can be controlled.
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