In early April this year, temperatures in Heilongjiang Province remained relatively high, causing the rice nursery period to start 7 to 10 days earlier than usual. The current phase marks a crucial time for seedbed management. However, recent prolonged low temperatures and continuous rainfall have led to slow growth and weak root development in rice seedlings across most areas. In some regions, low-temperature chilling injury has also occurred, creating favorable conditions for the outbreak of blue and blight disease. According to field surveys conducted by plant protection stations in major rice-producing areas between April 28 and 30, signs of blue and blight have already appeared in certain regions.
Currently, most rice seedlings in the province are at the stage of two leaves and one heart, which is a highly vulnerable period for disease occurrence. Additionally, the overall quality of the seedlings is not ideal, with frequent rain and temperature fluctuations increasing the risk. If seedbed management is not properly handled, it could lead to severe issues such as blight and even bacterial wilt. Therefore, local authorities must prioritize the monitoring, investigation, and prevention of blue and blight diseases to ensure that this year’s rice cultivation starts with healthy, strong seedlings, laying a solid foundation for a successful harvest.
To address these challenges, the following measures are recommended:
First, conduct thorough investigations and monitoring. Local governments should immediately organize technical staff to go into the fields, closely monitor disease outbreaks, track weather changes, and accurately understand disease dynamics. This will help guide farmers in timely and effective disease prevention and control.
Second, strengthen seedbed management. During this critical period, farmers should be advised to ensure proper ventilation, especially in small and medium-sized greenhouses. In case of cold nights, they should cover the structures with straw, blankets, plastic sheets, or newspapers to maintain warmth. Seedlings showing severe symptoms should be watered immediately and subjected to drip irrigation. If possible, they should be transplanted or moved as soon as feasible.
Third, use chemical treatments promptly. For early-stage bacterial infections, it is recommended to apply 30% hymexazol emulsion diluted at 3000 times, spraying 2–3 kg per square meter. Alternatively, 97% hymexazol powder can be used at 1 g/m² for irrigation. For dry and wet applications, 35% wettable powder (10 grams per 30–45 square meters) can be applied after watering. Similarly, 50% wettable powder can be used at 1–1.5 grams per square meter. Farmers using AA-grade 2% amino oligosaccharide solution should spray 5 ml per square meter. It is important to note that in some areas, dexamethasone is still used to manage bacterial blight, but this should be avoided due to its potential to damage root systems and cause phytotoxicity, especially when roots are already weak.
Finally, for seedbeds affected by physiological disorders or phytotoxicity, adding appropriate plant growth regulators like Xiao Ye Enemy or Tianfengsu, along with safe foliar fertilizers, can help improve seedling health and reduce adverse effects. These additional steps can significantly enhance seedling resilience and support better crop performance throughout the growing season.
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