It is the peak season for yellow peaches to go on the market. It is rich in antioxidants, dietary fiber, calcium, iron, zinc and other trace elements. Due to hot sales, the planting area has been expanding in recent years. So, what are the planting and management techniques of yellow peaches? Doing a few points is easy to be productive!
1. Site selection
Choose a land with high terrain, sufficient sunlight, and loose and fertile land, deep plow before planting, apply foot fertilizer, and open drainage ditches.
2. Seedling selection
Choose grafted seedlings with more than 3 main lateral roots, more than 20 cm in length, more than 80 cm in height, and more than 1 cm in base diameter, with substantial growth and good healing at the graft interface. Use mountain peach, wild peach or Qingzhou peach as rootstock.
Three, planting
The cultivated seedlings are planted from November to March of the following year. They are generally planted at a density of 3 meters × 4 meters and 55 plants per mu. The planting depth is 3-5 cm above the soil surface at the grafting interface.
Four, maintenance management
1. Field tillage and weeding
Every autumn, deep turn soil between rows, deep turning 40 to 60 cm on the periphery of the canopy. The saplings can be intercropped with green manure or beans and other crops. After each irrigation and rainfall, they can be cultivated. Growing grass between rows is used for adult trees, and the rows are cleared or covered. Artificial planting of sage grass, white clover, ryegrass, etc. or natural grasses. When the height of the grass between the rows is 30-40 cm, use manual or mechanical mowing, keep the stubble height 8-10 cm, and cut 3 to 4 times a year. Cover the tree tray with the cut grass.
2. Fertilization
Base fertilizer: After the autumn fruit is harvested (September to October), it is applied in combination with tillage and soil modification. Calculated based on 150 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer per 100 kg of fruit, mixed with 1.2 kg of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and 1.2 kg of potassium sulfate. Generally, 3000-4000 kg of high-quality organic fertilizer is applied per mu, mainly by furrow application, and the fertilization position is within the projection range of the canopy , Ditch depth 30 ~ 45 cm, irrigation after fertilization.
Top dressing: Before germination and 1 week after flowering, apply 0.5 kg of urea per 100 kg of fruit, and apply it in a 10 cm deep ring groove; apply 0.3 kg of urea per 100 kg of fruit during the hard-core period; Apply 1.0 kg of potassium sulfate to 100 kg of fruit. Irrigate water in time after top dressing and prohibit top dressing within 30 days before picking. The root topdressing is sprayed with 4% to 5% zinc sulfate before germination; 0.2% borax solution is sprayed once in the blooming period; 0.2% urea and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate are sprayed before the hard core period. Extra-root topdressing is prohibited within 20 days before harvest. Conditional production areas should perform nutritional diagnosis and fertilization based on the results of soil and leaf analysis.
3. Irrigation and drainage
Irrigate with top dressing before germination and once in hard core period. Irrigation is forbidden 15 days before harvest, and sealed with frozen water before winter. The drainage system should be dredged before the rainy season to ensure smooth drainage during the rainy season. The peach is afraid of waterlogging, so prevent the accumulation of water in the peach orchard.
Five, trim
Pruning is divided into summer pruning and winter pruning. The pruning time in summer is from April to June, and the main focus is on shaping, expanding the crown as soon as possible, and cultivating a strong skeleton, mainly including sprouts, sprouting, twisting, and branching; winter pruning time is from late November to December, in summer Pruning is the main thing, the latter is a supplement. Saplings should be cut lightly, and heavy in full fruit period.
Sixth, pest control
There are mainly peach anthracnose, peach brown rot, peach borer, pear borer, green peach aphid, leaf miner and other pests. The policy of "prevention first, scientific prevention and control" should be actively implemented, based on agriculture and physical control, biological control should be promoted, and chemical control techniques should be used scientifically in accordance with the law of occurrence of pests and diseases.
Finally, I need to remind everyone that when planting yellow peaches, in addition to the above-mentioned management techniques, they must be planted in suitable areas to ensure its yield and quality.
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