In the cultivation of walnuts, the business philosophy of “one branch and nine branches†should be established. Building a garden is the foundation and management is the key. At present, there are major problems in production that need to be solved.
Inappropriate variety improvement When many households carry out grafting improvement, the source of scion is not reliable, and it is difficult to ensure the good traits of the variety. It is advisable to collect scion from the well-established walnut garden in the local fruit.
In addition, the survival rate of walnut grafting is not high, the main reasons are the following two aspects: Scion quality is poor, grafting time is not appropriate. Therefore, when grafting, it should be noted that the scion used should not lose water; branching is usually carried out from the bud to the leaf stage, and attention should be paid to the treatment of the wound flow; afterwards, careful dressing should be carried out promptly and the scion noodles should be long. Smooth; budding time is appropriate from late June to early July; the speed of operation should be increased when grafting; the work of removing sprouts, cutting anvils, and setting up pillars should be done in due course.
The management of soil and fertilizer in new gardens cannot keep up with the current situation. The vast majority of walnut plants have weak soil and water management. This will inevitably lead to poor tree growth and delay in fruiting. Therefore, in the management, we should pay attention to cultivating and weeding, and reasonable fertilization. Where conditions permit, we must do a good job of pre-emergence and pre-winter irrigation work, combined with the application of organic fertilizer in the fall for deep-turning work. Here, we propose to actively use the deep-seed soil conditioner and thin film high-yielding cultivation techniques in orchards.
Sporadic distribution of large tree management is extensive in the hilly areas and mountainous regions of our province, and a large number of walnut trees have been scattered for many years. For these trees, most peasants only take fruit and do not manage it. This practice is extremely unscientific. The correct course of action is to deepen and reform the soil year after year to facilitate the elimination of weeds. Reducing the spread of pests and diseases to promote "deep rooting" and "leaving leaves"; rational fertilization, adequate supply of nutrients, and strive to achieve high yields without losing the strength of the tree; pruning before deciduousness after fruit picking to facilitate the renewal of rejuvenation; Effectively control pests and diseases to facilitate the normal growth of the tree. Only in this way can the walnut tree be able to produce high yields and stable yields without losing its tree vigor, extend its lifespan, and ultimately achieve the goal of maximizing economic efficiency.
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