The main pests and diseases that harm the greenhouse nectarines are as follows: The causes and prevention measures are described as follows:
I. Bacterial perforation
1. Cause of the disease: High air humidity is an important condition for the occurrence of bacterial perforation. Soil viscosity, partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, declining tree vigor, excessive cultivation density in sunlight greenhouses, poor ventilation and light transmission all contribute to the disease.
2. Control methods: Increase organic fertilizers and increase resistance to disease. Before the greenhouse warms up, it must be pruned reasonably to make the trees well ventilated and light-transmitting. At the same time, the dead branches, diseased leaves and fruit drop must be thoroughly removed, and they must be burned or buried deeply to eliminate the source of overwintering bacteria. After the greenhouse warming, it is necessary to strictly control the temperature, especially the flowering period to strictly control the number of irrigation and irrigation volume, and timely ventilation and ventilation. In the case of severe perforation, spray 45% dexamethasone 800 times, or 65% dexamethasone 500 times, 72% agricultural streptomycin wettable powder 3000 times. Usually every 10 to 15 days spray 1, spray a total of 3 to 4 times.
Second, peach brown rot
1. Cause of the disease: The pathogen mainly overwinters with mycelium on stagnant or diseased branches. After warming in the greenhouse, a large number of conidiospores will be generated on the stamens, which will spread through air currents and droplets, causing initial infection. The percutaneous pores invade the fruit initially, and later invade the fruit through various wounds. During the fruit ripening period, the warm and humid environment is severely affected.
2. Control methods: Before the greenhouse warms up, completely remove the stagnation and diseased branches on the trees and underground, and minimize the primary infection source. Timely control of pests can also reduce the occurrence of peach brown rot. Before the temperature rise in the greenhouse, spray 5 times Baumite lime sulfur. From 10 days after flowering, spray once every 10 to 15 days, and stop using drugs 20 days before harvest. The available medicines are: 65% zein zinc WP 500 times, 70% thiophanate-methyl Wettable powder 1000 times, 50% carbendazim wettable powder 800 times.
Peach leaf miner
1. Occurrence pattern: Peach leaf miner occurs several generations a year. The larvae infiltrate the leaves and feed on the food. The leaf meat is eaten into a curved tunnel that is fine to thick, and the worms are stuffed therein. The damaged skin is white, but not Cracked, severe leaves yellow, causing early defoliation, a great impact on flower bud formation and tree growth and development.
2. Control methods: artificial control. Before the overwintering adult emerged, the leaves and weeds in the peach orchard were completely removed, and burned in order to eliminate overwintering mites or adults. Sex attractant to kill adult worms: choose a wide-mouth container, fill the water to the edge of 1 cm, add a little washing powder to the water, and then use a thin iron wire string on the rubber lures containing the adult pheromone preparations of the leaf miner Peach leaf to fix it in the container. At the center of the mouth, a ready-made trap is used to hang the prepared trap in Taoyuan, 1.5 meters above the ground and 5 to 10 per mu. Chemical control. The pupa period and the adult eclosion period are the critical period for the prevention and control of pharmaceuticals. Common agents: 25% diflubenzuron suspoemulsion 1500 times, 20% cypermethrin 2000 times, 2.5% cypermethrin 3,000 times, 20% chlorbenzuron 4000 times.
Fourth, peach aphid
1. The law of occurrence: Peach pods occur 10 to 20 generations a year, and the eggs are overwintered around the peach shoots, buds, bark cracks and branchlets. Egg hatching is mainly peach damage after Ruoqiang, and then harm peach leaves.
2. Control methods: artificial control. The use of peach aphid to migrate back to the peach tree spawning in autumn, artificial defoliation before the peach tree natural fall leaves, so that the locusts migrated back inhabitants can not copulate, spawning, in order to reduce the leap year insect source. Chemical control. The key period of drug control is the germination period of peach. The commonly used agents include 10% imidacloprid wettable powder, 10% once-in-a-time wettable powder 3000 times, 2.5% acetic anhydride wettable powder 2000 times, and 50% anti-inferiority WP 2000 times. After the peach trees fall, if there are still locust infestation, use the above pesticides to spray and kill again.
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