Cultivation technique of grafting bitter gourd in sunlight greenhouse

1. Raise the ground

Choose sandy soil with deep soil layer, good drainage and rich organic matter, and it is not suitable for continuous cropping with melon vegetables. The border width is 1.8 ~ 2 meters (including trench), and the border height is 0.4 ~ 0.5 meters. During the site preparation, 1000-1500 kg of rotten pig manure, 28 kg of superphosphate, and 100 kg of plant ash are used as base fertilizer.

2. Variety selection, sowing and seedling setting

Autumn plants should choose early-maturing varieties with good heat tolerance, disease resistance and good fruiting habits, such as Yuenong melons and Jiangxinjie. Autumn plants should be seeded and germinated for direct seeding. After sowing, cover a small amount of straw and keep the soil moist. Double-row planting, sow the bamboo when the seedling height is about 25 cm, and then set the seedling according to the plant spacing of 20-25 cm.

3. Fertilizer and Water Management

Summer and autumn melons have shorter births, and top dressing should be done earlier. Generally, top dressing begins 5 to 7 days after emergence. Before fertilization, heavy fertilizer is applied once in combination with cultivating soil, and the second time is applied at the initial harvest, each time applying 30 kg of peanut bran, 10 kg of compound fertilizer, and 10-15 kg of urea.

After planting the autumn plants, water them in the morning and evening, and pay attention to timely drainage and waterlogging after the rain.

4. Bamboo insertion, pruning and creeping

When the melon seedling is about 25 cm high and tendrils appear, it is necessary to insert bamboo and vines in time. The zucchini frame mostly uses herringbone frame. Zucchini is dominated by main vines, and all side vines should be removed before flowering.

5. Prevention of diseases and insect pests

The main diseases of autumn plants are Fusarium wilt, blight, anthracnose and virus diseases. For the control of wilt, 600 times of withered rick, 400 times of thiophanate-methyl, 1000 times of diclofenac, 1000 times of daisenzinc, 200-250 times of withered wilt, and 2000 times of xanthate plus carbendazim can be used for irrigation. The epidemic disease can be controlled by 400 times the powder that can be killed, 800 times the manganese zinc of the poisonous toxin, 600 times the powder of the metal cream copper, and 500 times the carbendazim and 500 times of dermosin. Anthracnose can be controlled by spraying 400-500 times liquid of anthrax Fume wettable powder and 6000-7000 times liquid of Shigao water dispersible granules. The prevention and treatment of viral diseases should pay attention to the application of pesticides and insecticides during the peak period of aphid occurrence. At the initial stage of the disease, the virus A wettable powder should be sprayed with 400 to 600 times. The main pest of autumn planting pumpkin is thrips. The insect can be sprayed with 600-800 times solution of 40% Qixingbao EC, 1000-2000 times solution of 20% Goodyear Winter Emulsion, and 2000-4000 times solution of 10% imidacloprid (Da Gongchen) wettable powder.

Six, timely harvest

About 10 days after flowering, the melon skin is slightly shiny and can be harvested.

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