Australian lobster is a precious freshwater economic shrimp species introduced and developed in recent years. It has six characteristics: First, the body is big and plump, generally weighing 100-200 grams, and the largest individual is 500 grams. The second is fast growth and high yield. The shrimp is stocked from April to May every year and harvested from October to November. The output of fresh shrimp per mu is about 300 kg and the maximum is more than 400 kg. The third is rich in nutrition, delicate meat, crisp, delicious and sweet, unique flavor. The fourth is strong adaptability, able to tolerate harsh weather conditions, and can normally live between 5°C and 35°C. The fifth is food miscellaneous, eating both animal feed, artificial feed and humus, and crude and easy to raise. Sixth, high economic returns. Australian lobster not only has high yield, but also has strong vitality and is convenient for long-distance transportation. Fresh prawns are popular among consumers at home and abroad. We have experimented in Yangzhou since 1995. We have now initially identified the supporting technologies for Australian lobster breeding in this region.
First, the appropriate growth rate. The natural distribution of Australian lobsters is subtropical and tropical. Better growth rates can be achieved between 18°C ​​and 32°C. The water temperature in Yangzhou between May and November every year is higher than 18°C ​​for six and a half months. When the water temperature reaches above 16°C, normal growth can begin. In order to make full use of local thermal energy resources, the time for the release of Australian lobsters in Yangzhou area should be scheduled for the beginning of May and the arrest time should be late November.
Second, the water quality requirements. 1 Water sources mainly use uncontaminated surface waters such as rivers, rivers, lakes, and reservoirs as the source of water. Groundwater can also be used. Groundwater has the following advantages: It has a fixed independent water source; Wild fish without pathogens. no pollution. The temperature is relatively stable throughout the year. 2 The pH value of the water, in the breeding process, had a minimum value of 6.10, the highest value of 9.33 can survive, but the 6.5-9.0 is better, preferably neutral partial alkali. 3 dissolved oxygen in water, Australian lobster, although resistant to hypoxia, dissolved oxygen below 1 mg / liter, can survive for a short time, but if a long period of low dissolved oxygen, it will affect its growth and survival rate. Therefore, if necessary, an aerator or other oxygen-increasing equipment should be provided in the pond to keep dissolved oxygen above 4 mg/l, avoiding heavy metals, insecticides, herbicides, oil, chlorine, methane, argon sulfide, and high-speed iron. Content and other pollution. 4 The use of micro-flowing water or aquaculture at regular intervals can promote lobster growth.
Third, the pond conditions. 1 The pond should be rectangular, but its area is not limited, but it is better to use 2-5 acres with a water depth of 0.9-1.5 meters. The direction of the long axis of the pond should be the same as the summer wind direction. 2 The bottom of the pool is hard soil, and there is no sludge. The slope of the pool wall must be greater than 3:1. 3 The pond should have a good drainage and irrigation system. The upper part of the pond should be filled with water, and the other end of the pool should be drained. The water inlet and outlet must be protected from enemy fire and escape from the net. 4 The bottom of the pond should have a submerged plant area of ​​about 1/5 of the bottom area, and there are enough artificial concealed objects, such as waste tires, mesh sheets, PVC pipes, waste tile cylinders, bamboo rafts and so on. 5 Conditional ponds can be equipped with aerators.
Fourth, stocking technology and daily management. 1 Density: Put 2-3 pounds of juvenile shrimp per acre, which can be mixed with 100 bastards, 50 calyxes, and 50 grass carp. 2 Microfluidics or refilling with 2-3 new waters per week. 3 The feeding should be fixed, timed, fixed, and quantitative. Feeding species should be diversified as much as possible: such as water hyacinths, water lettuces, floating celery and other aquatic plants, cow dung, pig dung and artificial pellet feed. Can also be fed with snails, cockroaches, river clams and other animal dips. Feeding once a week the cow's manure, 100 kilograms per acre, placed in the four corners of the pond, all submerged into the water, feed pellet feed once a day, the amount of 20% of the shrimp weight can be administered at 6 o'clock in the evening. 4 During the summer high temperature period, attention should be paid to increasing the amount of water flow or water injection, and the number of water injections. At night, aerators may be used to increase oxygen.
First, the appropriate growth rate. The natural distribution of Australian lobsters is subtropical and tropical. Better growth rates can be achieved between 18°C ​​and 32°C. The water temperature in Yangzhou between May and November every year is higher than 18°C ​​for six and a half months. When the water temperature reaches above 16°C, normal growth can begin. In order to make full use of local thermal energy resources, the time for the release of Australian lobsters in Yangzhou area should be scheduled for the beginning of May and the arrest time should be late November.
Second, the water quality requirements. 1 Water sources mainly use uncontaminated surface waters such as rivers, rivers, lakes, and reservoirs as the source of water. Groundwater can also be used. Groundwater has the following advantages: It has a fixed independent water source; Wild fish without pathogens. no pollution. The temperature is relatively stable throughout the year. 2 The pH value of the water, in the breeding process, had a minimum value of 6.10, the highest value of 9.33 can survive, but the 6.5-9.0 is better, preferably neutral partial alkali. 3 dissolved oxygen in water, Australian lobster, although resistant to hypoxia, dissolved oxygen below 1 mg / liter, can survive for a short time, but if a long period of low dissolved oxygen, it will affect its growth and survival rate. Therefore, if necessary, an aerator or other oxygen-increasing equipment should be provided in the pond to keep dissolved oxygen above 4 mg/l, avoiding heavy metals, insecticides, herbicides, oil, chlorine, methane, argon sulfide, and high-speed iron. Content and other pollution. 4 The use of micro-flowing water or aquaculture at regular intervals can promote lobster growth.
Third, the pond conditions. 1 The pond should be rectangular, but its area is not limited, but it is better to use 2-5 acres with a water depth of 0.9-1.5 meters. The direction of the long axis of the pond should be the same as the summer wind direction. 2 The bottom of the pool is hard soil, and there is no sludge. The slope of the pool wall must be greater than 3:1. 3 The pond should have a good drainage and irrigation system. The upper part of the pond should be filled with water, and the other end of the pool should be drained. The water inlet and outlet must be protected from enemy fire and escape from the net. 4 The bottom of the pond should have a submerged plant area of ​​about 1/5 of the bottom area, and there are enough artificial concealed objects, such as waste tires, mesh sheets, PVC pipes, waste tile cylinders, bamboo rafts and so on. 5 Conditional ponds can be equipped with aerators.
Fourth, stocking technology and daily management. 1 Density: Put 2-3 pounds of juvenile shrimp per acre, which can be mixed with 100 bastards, 50 calyxes, and 50 grass carp. 2 Microfluidics or refilling with 2-3 new waters per week. 3 The feeding should be fixed, timed, fixed, and quantitative. Feeding species should be diversified as much as possible: such as water hyacinths, water lettuces, floating celery and other aquatic plants, cow dung, pig dung and artificial pellet feed. Can also be fed with snails, cockroaches, river clams and other animal dips. Feeding once a week the cow's manure, 100 kilograms per acre, placed in the four corners of the pond, all submerged into the water, feed pellet feed once a day, the amount of 20% of the shrimp weight can be administered at 6 o'clock in the evening. 4 During the summer high temperature period, attention should be paid to increasing the amount of water flow or water injection, and the number of water injections. At night, aerators may be used to increase oxygen.
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